心理学专业英语基础 12章.ppt

心理学专业英语English for Psychology;;课程目的 Aims;推荐阅读 Reading;推荐阅读 Reading;推荐阅读 Reading;参考 Resources;CHAPTER 1What is Psychology?;What is Psychology?;Definitions;Definitions;Definitions;Definitions;Definitions;The history of psychology;Where did psychology come from?;PHILOSOPHY;PHILOSOPHY;PHILOSOPHY;BIOLOGY;BIOLOGY;BIOLOGY;BIOLOGY;BIOLOGY;PHYSICS;When did psychology started?;When did psychology started?;When did psychology started?;Structuralism Functionalism Psychoanalysis Behaviorism Cognitive psychology Humanistic approach Biological approach;Structuralism;Structuralism;One structuralist, Titchener, claimed there were a total of 46,708 basic sensations that combined to form the structure of the human mind, but the approach was very limited in its ability to explain and was replaced by functionalism.;Functionalism;Functionalism;Psychoanalysis;Psychoanalysis;Behaviorism;Cognitive psychology-aims to investigate the mind by using computer information processing ideas to arrive at testable models of how the brain works, and then applying scientific methods to confirm these models. The cognitive approach has enjoyed much success and is a very dominant one in psychology today.;The Humanistic approach, however, has had less of an impact on psychology, since it has deliberately adopted a less scientific view of the human mind by arguing that psychology should focus on each individual’s conscious experience and aims in life.;The Biological approach has advanced evolutionary, physiological, and genetic explanations for human behavior throughout the history of psychology.;Chapter 2RESEARCH METHODS;Variables;Variables;For example: Aggression - a psychologist may record the number of punches thrown. Intelligence – a psychologist may record the number of puzzles solved in an hour, or calculate the score on an IQ test. Reification (regarding hypothetical variables like intelligence as having a real physical existence) is a danger, however.;Variables;One variabl