西格玛回归分析.ppt

回归分析 Regression Analysis;目的 Objectives;项目跟踪图 ;分析路线图Analyze Roadmap 单一因子 X -单一因子 Y Single X - Single Y;什么是 Y ? _____________ 数据类型? ______________;相关性Correlation ;“+”相关性的强度及趋向 Strength and Direction of “+” Correlation;“-”相关性的强度及趋向 Strength and Direction of “-” Correlation;r应该多大？How Big Should r Be?;r应该多大？How Big Should r Be?;;;;;回归的定义 Regression Definitions ;;路线分析图 Analyze Roadmap ;Minitab – 回归 Regression;Minitab – 输出;拟合线从何而来 Where Does This Fitted Line Come From?;任何拟合线的一般等式如下… The general equation of any line is as follows...;;输入变量Input Variable (X);Minitab – 输出;Minitab – 输出;回归的等式为The regression equation is 刹车距离Braking Distance = 182.8 + 0.4763 速度Speed S = 13.5571 R-Sq = 69.5% R-Sq(adj) = 67.9% 方差分析Analysis of Variance Source DF SS MS F P Regression 1 7955.9 7955.91 43.29 0.000 Error 19 3492.1 183.79 Total 20 11448.0 ;R2 - 有何意义?;R2 - 有何意义?;;回归分析: 刹车距离v. 速度Regression Analysis: Braking Dist versus Speed 回归的等式为The regression equation is 刹车距离Braking Distance = 182.8 + 0.4763 速度Speed S = 13.5571 R-Sq = 69.5% R-Sq(adj) = 67.9% 方差分析Analysis of Variance Source DF SS MS F P Regression 1 7955.9 7955.91 43.29 0.000 Error 19 3492.1 183.79 Total 20 11448.0;零假设: 线段斜率=0 (无相关性) Ho: Slope of The Line = 0 (No correlation) 备择假设: 线段斜率 = 0 (有相关性) Ha: Slope of The Line 1 0 (There is correlation) ;Minitab – 回归- 残差拟合数 Regression - Residuals Fits;Speed Distance RESI1 FITS1 336 325 -17.8392 342.839 418 375 -6.8948 381.895 355 367 15.1113 351.889 445 385 -9.7546 394.755 365 375 18.3484 356.652 455 395 -4.5175 399.517 395 395 24.0598 370.940 405 365 -10.7031 375.703 346 355 7.3979 347.60 . . . . . . . . . . . .;速度Speed 距离Distance 残差1 RESI1 拟合数1 FITS1 336 325 -17.8392 342.839;速度Speed 距离Distance 残差1 RESI1 拟合数1 FITS1 336 325 -17.8392 342.839 残差- 点到拟合线的垂直距离