长江整车物流虚企业组建过程经济学分析.doc

摘 要 随着我国汽车工业持续高速增长，长江沿已经形成了一条“汽车工业走廊”。近几年来，长江沿岸的地区汽车产量以19.4%以上的平均速度递增。长江流域汽车工业的迅猛发展，带给长江整车物流业前所未有的发展机遇。但长江整车物流运作水平处于初级阶段，资源利用效率也比较低，整车物流成本还有相当大的压缩空间，主要体现在车船回程空载率高达60％，资本和资源严重浪费，导致长江整车物流成本高，长江整车物流优势体现不出来，阻碍了长江流域整车物流和汽车工业的发展。根据长江整车物流企业规模、实力均差距不大的实际情况，并购的不是最理想的办法，应该寻求合作伙伴，借助外部力量，实现资源优化。因此，本文提出了长江整车物流资源整合的一种新的策略和新的经营理念——长江整车物流虚拟企业。 尝试组建长江整车物流虚拟企业的研究是我国物流市场竞争战略的一种创新，目的是希望能深化长江整车物流企业合作竞争的理念，创新长江整车物流企业实现市场机遇、参与市场竞争的途径，这将对长江整车物流企业的经营管理具有现实性的帮助。 本文首先介绍了虚拟企业的产生和发展，对长江整车物流虚拟企业的基本理论进行了论述，包括其定义和特点；然后分析了长江整车物流的现状以及组建虚拟企业的现实动因；接着从经济学角度分析了长江整车虚拟企业的形成原因、信任合作机制以及经济效益等问题；最后本文从运作模式和组织结构、伙伴选择和信息平台建设三个方面对整车物流虚拟企业组建过程进行了深入研究，并提出了组建长江整车物流虚拟企业的对策和建议。 关键词：长江整车物流，虚拟企业，组建过程，经济学分析 ABSTRACT With the high-speed development of the China auto industry ,a new auto industrial estate has grown up along Changjiang River .At present ,the output of Changjiang River auto estate increase degree in 19.4%.Changjiang River auto industry gave a important chance for the vehicle logistics enterprise along Changjiang River .However ,Changjiang vehicle logistics enterprises are still in elementary phase ,and resource utilize rate is lowness ,the logistics cost can have great shrinking .Especially ，the ship empty rate on the backward stroke is up to 60%,other, low-level repeated constructing and investing, which causing resources to disperse and utilizing efficiency to be low, and have blocked auto industry and vehicle logistics along Changjiang River because the advantage of Changjiang vehicle logistics can be seen .According to the scale and capacity of Changjiang vehicle logistics enterprises ,the best method is not purchasing it forever ,but seeking the partners with the capacity ,drawing support from external strength to realize the optimization of outside resources .So this thesis puts forward a kind of new competitive strategy and new management theory for the Changjiang River vehicle logistics enterprise aiming at the market opportunity-- Changjiang vehicle logistics virtual enterprise. The research on t