寿光市计划生育利益导向机制研究.pdf

寿光市计划生育利益导向机制研究 摘 要 自20 世纪 70 年代，我国开始施行计划生育国策，经过这 40 多年的努力，我国人 口得到了有效的控制，取得了举世瞩目的成绩，稳定了低生育水平，缓解了人口压力， 促进了社会经济发展，令世界各国敬佩。但随着计划生育工作的进行，计划生育的一些 滞后效应也逐渐显现出来，如计划生育家庭的养老问题、社保问题、贫困问题等。进入 新世纪，为了更好的做好计划生育工作，需要转变传统的以采用行政手段为主的工作思 路，逐渐用经济利益为主的措施来诱导育龄家庭自觉主动的转变生育计划，形成全新的 计划生育利益导向政策和相应的运行机制。由于利益导向制度的广覆盖性，因此如何在 财政资金本身就是稀缺资源的前提下使其发挥最大的作用，是新世纪必须要好好面对和 解决的问题。 在梳理国内外相关文献和理论的基础上，并结合寿光市计划生育实施情况分析，认 为虽然寿光市在计划生育利益导向机制的建设方面取得了一定的成绩，但仍存在一些问 题，如政策诱导力不足、计划生育家庭养老问题、普惠政策对利益导向机制的影响，流 动人口的利益导向机制不够、失独家庭的问题等。并从财政投入机制、奖惩机制、思想 认识和政策协调性对上述问题进行了分析。针对这些问题，结合各地的经验和寿光市自 身的特点提出了一些相应的对策和建议，包括：探索新的养老模式、健全计划生育事业 公共财政投入、加强对违反生育的惩罚、建立针对流动人口的利益导向机制、完善普惠 政策与计划生育利益导向政策协调机制和针对失独家庭的措施等。 关键字：寿光市；计划生育；利益导向机制 RESEARCH ON THE BENEFIT-GUIDING MECHANISM OF FAMILY PLANNING POLICY OF SHOUGUANG CITY ABSTRACT Since 1970s on which the family planning has been as one of our basic state policy, after 40 years of efforts, Chinas population has been effectively controlled and has made remarkable achievements: such as stabilize the low birth rate, ease population pressure, promote the social and economic development. But with the family planning work , it reveals some lag effects , family planning issues such as pension problem, social security problem, poverty problem and so on . After entering the new century, in order to better to complete the family planning work, we need to change traditional based on administrative means give priority to the work mentality, gradually with economic benefits primarily measures to induce the change of active consciousness of family planning, form a new family planning interests guidance policy and the corresponding operation mechanism. Due to the interests of the guide system wide coverage, so how to finance capital itself is the premise of scarce resources