2016研究生受体第二次3学时.pptVIP

化学信号分子 激素 ; 神经递质 ;生长因子和细胞因子等的旁分泌系统或者自分泌系统。 受体 细胞的相应受体接受外界环境的信号、识别，接受外来信号，启动信号转导过程。 过程与机制 接受、归纳、分析、筛选、放大、传达、处理和答复(响应)信号。 功能 细胞代谢;细胞分裂 ;细胞分化 ;细胞功能 ;细胞死亡。 Receptors are proteins of specific amino acid sequence and specific stereo-configuration that receive signals from cell environment and regulate cell functions The initial signals come from natural intrinsic ligands. External ligands may be agonist or antagonists. Signals from receptors are carried by post-receptor signal transducers, usually cascades composed of small molecules and enzymes. Basic laws of receptor-ligand binding involve: Reversibility, saturability, stereo-specificity and consistency of distributions and functional results. Methods of study involve: classical pharmacological methods, radioligand binding assay and methods of molecular biology. Specific antibody for studying receptors and signal molecules Detection of antibodies for studying receptor and signal molecules Antibodies for studying receptor and signal molecules Does not give out the affinity parameter for ligand 3. Molecular biology method Molecular cloning 2. Molecular mutation 3. Molecular cloning combined with other technique - study of secondary and tertiary structure and their relation to receptor function Molecular Cloning Technique 1. Common Cloning： 2. Homology cloning: suitable for subtypes of known receptors 3. Expression cloning: Search for new receptors Molecular mutation Study of the relation between structure and function Preparation of mutated recombinant plasmid： Receptor DNA Plasmid (or other vector) (Endonuclease) Open plasmid (Ligase) Recombinant plasmid Gene expression of cloned receptors Expression of mRNA Expression of DNA (