Quality Tools－Cause Effect.ppt

Constructing the Cause Effect Step 1 Create a Problem Statement Step 2 Generate the Causes Step 3 Construct the Diagram Cause Effect Essentials Key Success Behaviors Clearly state the problem Ask “Why?” several times Look for recent changes as likely causes Steps at a Glance: Cause Effect Step-by-Step Construction Step 3a Construct the Diagram: Write Problem Statement Step-by-Step Construction Step 3b Construct the Diagram: Draw Major Cause Categories Step-by-Step Construction Step 3c Construct the Diagram: Place Causes in Correct Category Step-by-Step Construction Step 3d Construct the Diagram: Question “Why?” for Each Cause Cause Effect Example Cause Effect Example Cause Effect Example * ? 1995 GOAL /QPC Cause Effect 1 Cause Effect 2 Cause Effect 3 CG p. 27 Agree on the problem statement Use Dispersion Analysis or Process Classification Format? Start Draw in the bones of the fish Brainstorm causes or use data from Check Sheet Define major cause categories Define major process steps Process Classification Reached the appropriate level of detail? Interpret fishbone Act to correct the causes Agreement on root causes? Dispersion Analysis Yes Yes No No MJII p. 24 Cause Effect 4 Causes Late pizza deliveries on Fridays and Saturdays “Bones” (Major cause categories) Effect MJII p. 25 Cause Effect 5 Illustration Note: In a Process Classification Type format, replace the major “bone” categories with: “Order Taking,” “Preparation,” “Cooking,” and “Delivery.” Machinery/ Equipment People Materials Methods Late pizza deliveries on Fridays and Saturdays MJII p. 26 Cause Effect 6 Late pizza deliveries on Fridays and Saturdays Machinery/ Equipment People Materials Methods People don’t show up Unreliable cars Ovens too small Drivers get lost Run out of ingredients Poor dispatching Poor handling of large orders MJII pp. 27, 120 Cause Effect 7 People dont show up High turnover Low pay No teamwork No training People Dont know town Drivers get lost High turnover Get