【国家级精品课程】华东师范大学-《全球变化(Glbal Change)》-4.ppt

A Systematic Approach to Research Design(Deductive Methods) * Undergraduate Teaching and Learning Geography@Durham Dr. Yongqiang Zong Department of Geography, University of Durham, UK University of Durham – established in 1832 A collegial university as Cambridge and Oxford Top 10 universities in the UK c. 11,000 undergraduates (about 4000 a year) c. 4000 postgraduates Durham – a small town in NE of England – c. 50,000 population Geography in secondary schools Compulsory for 11+ to 14+ (初中) Main option for 14+ to 16+ (高中) among 10-12 subjects Selective for 16+ to 18+ (大学预科) among 3 subjects Geography in universities Three-year courses Each year in the UK, c. 11,000 study geography and environmental sciences as major Durham enrols c. 200 undergraduates a year Three key areas: Human Geography Physical Geography Environmental Management Undergraduate Teaching and Learning Geography @ Durham Modern geography examines ‘causes and consequences of the environmental and social changes that affect our planet’. Climate change, economic globalization, migration, development and environmental degradation are all profoundly geographical, and relevant to the wider public and policymakers. The future of geography is interdisciplinary. 地理学教学重点 Degree Structure in Durham Human Geography – Interface – Physical Geography Social geography Political geography Economic geography Environmental management Risks and hazards Geographic Information Systems Environmental Remote Sensing Environmental change in the past Global climate change Fluvial systems Lectures, fieldwork and laboratory experiments Course work (40%), dissertation (20%), final exam (40%) Aims of teaching and learning （希望学生学到）: Emphasis on problem-solving ability, instead of knowledge Radiocarbon dating – advantages and limitations Global warming – possibilities and uncertainties Investment – environmental, social, political and economical risks Emphasis on interdisciplinary, in