日本验船师全套培训资料Welding(Inspection).ppt

Welding (Inspection) September 2004 Checkpoint Crack in bead Undercut Overlap Excessive weld metal Crater Blow hole Insufficient leg length of fillet Irregular bead Insufficient throat thickness of fillet Misalignment Deformation Defects at butt joint (1/3) Defects at butt joint (2/3) Defects at butt joint (3/3) Defects at fillet joint Defects in vertical downward weld Insufficient throat thickness Crack at slot Gap at fillet weld Gap at stiffener end Countermeasure of gap Countermeasure of gap Countermeasure of gap Countermeasure of gap Gap at butt joint Countermeasure of gap Countermeasure of gap Countermeasure of gap Gap at lap joint Normal lap joint Faulty weld NDT - means of inspection Radiographic test: in principle Ultrasonic test Condition of replacement Consistency is approved with at least 3 ships for 1/10 of radiographic test Restriction Not applicable to:(1) intersections of butt weld of plate(2) 1/2 of points in strength deck, side and bottom shell NDT - distribution total number Blow hole Pipe Slag inclusion Insufficient infusion Insufficient penetration Insufficient penetration / infusion Welding speed and penetration Longitudinal crack Transverse crack NDT - classification of defects NDT - acceptable defects (Type 1) NDT - acceptable defects (Type 2) NDT - expansion of scope 　 　 「ブローホール」は溶着金属中に生じる球状の空洞で、これが表面に現れると「ピット」、細長く成長したものは「パイプ」又は「ウォームホール」と呼ばれる。 発生原因には次のようなものが挙げられる：　①シールド不良（ガスがアークや溶融池を適切に覆う事ができない）　②母材の表面の不純物（プライマー、めっき、水分、油、錆び等）　③溶接条件（溶融池、アークの乱れ等を招いて、ガスが巻き込まれる） Welding speed Appropriate Insufficient Insufficient Penetration First sampling Plate: 2 parts within the faulty weld line Girder and frame: 2 joints for each member where the same welding procedure is applied Automatic welding: all length Plate: all length Girder and frame: all joints failed Accepted passed Rejected passed passed failed failed NDT、欠陥、手直し 二重底内のフロア/ガーダー（ロンジ）に多い。のど厚不足は次のスライド。 Vertical downward weldで運棒が正しくない場合に起きやすい（manipulation of welding rod） ギャップが小さい場合には、脚長を増すだ