近代绩溪族田研讨.pdf

中文摘要 中文摘要 族田在传统社会是宗族活动的经济基础，为各种宗族活动提供了资金支持。 正因为其适应了农村宗法社会的需要，所以逐渐风行全国，到了近代族田更是极 为普遍。徽州地区自族田产生以来一直是族田经济发达的地区。以往对徽州地区 族田的研究，时间范围多集中在明清时期，空间范围多为整个徽州地区或是某个 有代表性的宗族，而对于徽州六邑之一的绩溪县，还没有专门的研究。 本文主要依靠大量的家谱、方志和土改资料，详细分析了近代绩溪族田的来 源、分布、发展态势、经营管理和功能等问题，显示出绩溪族田的特色，从而对 徽州地区的族田有了更为深入地认识，揭示了族田的本来面貌。 近代绩溪宗族采用多元化渠道建置族田；在整个近代时期族田处于持续发展 的状态；族田的管理具有严密的体系，宗族对族田管理者的选择和收存支过程都 有严格规定；族田田产大多数情况下采取出租给外族人员的方式经营，租额相对 于私人田租偏低；族田功能复杂多样，各项功能的充分发挥保证了宗族自身的稳 定和发展。族田是宗法社会的必然产物，对传统农村社会有着深刻影响。 关键词：近代，绩溪，族田 I Abstract Abstract In the traditional society, the clan field was the economic base for the activity of the clan, and also provided it with a stable finacial support. And just because it catered to the need of the rural patriarchal society, it gradually prevailed all over the country. Huizhou had been the clan fields economy developed area since the clan fields appeared. At present, the focus of the research on the clan fields in south of Huizhou is in the Ming and Qing Dynasties temporally and in a representative clan spatially. Whereas, no special studies were carried out for Jixi, one of the six countries belongs to Huizhou. The paper analyzes the source, the state of development, management and operation and the function of clan fields which based on the massive clan register, the local chronicle and the land reform material, so as to show the features, and get a deeper understanding of the clan field in Huizhou, uncover the real face of the clan field. The origin way of clan fields was diverse in the modern Jixi. The quantity of clan fields developed continually on the whole during the modern time. There was a strict system to manage th