心理学效—破窗效应.ppt

If someone smashes the glass windows of the building , and these windows didn’t get repared in time, as time passes, what phenomenon would arise ?It would convey a message to others :connive to break more windows. In fact,broken windows theory is a phycological hint. The exist of these any undesirable phenomenon is conveying a message ，and this message will lead to an undesireble phynomenon. The theory was introduced in a 1982 article by social scientists James Q. Wilson and George L. Kelling. Since then it has been subject to great debate both within the social sciences and in the public sphere. The broken windows theory has received support from several empirical studies. * 注： undesirablen. 不良分子；不受欢迎的人,adj. 不良的；不受欢迎的；不合需要的 hint( [hint] n. 暗示；线索) The broken windows theory is a criminological theory of the norm setting and signaling effect of urban disorder and vandalism on additional crime and anti-social behavior. The theory states that monitoring and maintaining urban environments in a well-ordered condition may stop further vandalism and escalation into more serious crime. 注： monitoring 监视,监听，监督 maintaining [meinteini?] n. 维护；保养.v. 维持；保养 *