英汉汉英应用翻译综合教程544.00KB.ppt

It is difficult to decide the certain meaning of a word out of the context. eg：① I’m sure I’ll beat John this time. 我这次肯定会战胜约翰。 我这次肯定要揍约翰一顿。 ②We have no spring here. 我们这里没有春天/弹簧/泉水。 * ③ man and his wife 丈夫和妻子 officers and men 官和兵 his man Friday 仆人礼拜五 man-of-war 战舰 Be a man! 男子汉 * (3) understanding the cultural-sense words 兄弟如手足，妻子如衣服。 （wife） 却看妻子愁何在，漫卷诗书喜欲狂。 （wife and children） (4)I wonder whether he is a Trojan Horse. （特洛伊木马） 我不知道他是否是个内奸。 (5)The goalkeeper is the heel of Achilles. 那守门员太弱是致命的缺陷.(阿基里斯的脚跟) * (4)avoiding the “pitfalls” If not： ( possibly, perhaps) In Europe, Hitler’s name was well known, if not a household word. 在欧洲，希特勒的名字纵使不是家喻户晓，也很响亮。 / 在欧洲，希特勒的名字广为人知，也可以说家喻户晓。 Such a mistake could cost us thousands, if not millions of pounds. 这种失误能够造成我们几千磅，或许几百万磅的损失。 * Not to say: indeed or possibly, even。 It is warm, not to say hot. 天气很暖和，甚至有点儿热。 The answer is illogical, not to say totally wrong. 答案不合逻辑，甚至是完全错误的。 It would be unwise, not to say stupid to leave your first job after only six months. 初次工作刚六个月就想辞掉它，这样做很不明智，甚至可以说很愚蠢。  * 二、表达 　　表达是理解后能否保证译文成功的又一重要关键步骤，是理解的深化和体现。在这一过程中，译者要注意恰到好处地再现原文的思想内容和语体色彩，使译文既忠实于原作又符合译入语的语法和表达习惯。要做到这一点，译者就必须在选词用字、组词成句、组句成篇上下工夫，在技巧运用上下工夫。能直译时尽可直译，不能直译时则可考虑意译，灵活运用翻译技巧。 eg: ①I have three sisters. 我有四姐妹。 ② She has two long legs. 她两腿修长。 * ③She was a girl with good manners. 举止得体的姑娘。 These were all good eggs. 新鲜的鸡蛋。 Dogs are often regarded as man’s good friends. 忠实的朋友 He is a good class player. 高明的棋手 * ④In every Chinese city, we got into the streets, shops, parks, theatres and restaurants. 在中国我们每到一个城市，就溜大街，逛商店，游公园，上剧院，下饭馆。 ⑤Because honor, decorum, prudence, nay, interest,forbid it. 译文一：无论从面子上讲——不，从利害关系上讲，都不允许这样做。 译文二：因为碍于面子，出于礼貌，基于慎重——不仅如此，更是因为利害攸关，这样做是不允许的。 再如下两例：　1、Every pot can find its lid. 罐儿再丑，配个盖子不用愁， 姑娘再丑，嫁个汉子不必忧。 * 2、Dikens的小说《大卫·考坡菲》（David Copperfield）中有一句典型的文字游戏。 I love my love with an E ,because she′s enticing ; I hate her with an E ,because she′s eng