2017年高考英语语法总复习3代词及it的用法课件.ppt

3.代词和it的用法 2017年高考英语语法总复习 一、代词 1．人称代词 人称代词的主格在句中作主语，宾格作宾语或表语。 They like him. 主格(作主语) I you he she 宾格(作宾语、表语) me you him her 主格(作主语) it we you they 宾格(作宾语、表语) it us you them 在非正式英语尤其是口语中，人称代词作表语时常可用其宾格形式代替主格。在比较状语从句中，有时也可用宾格代替主格(尤其是其后跟有同位语“all”时)。 —Who is it? —It’s me. He is taller than I (或 me)． He is taller than us all. 若可能引起误解，就不能用宾格代替主格。试比较： He loves you more than I．(他比我更爱你。) He loves you more than me.(他爱你比爱我更多。) 2．物主代词 (1)形容词性物主代词只能用作定语，必须与名词连用。如：his pen，our books。 形容词性(作定语) my your his her 名词性(作主语、表语、宾语) mine yours his hers 形容词性(作定语) its our your their 名词性(作主语、表语、宾语) its ours yours theirs (2)“形容词性物主代词＋own”常用来强调“某人自己的”，其后可跟名词。 Don’t use my pen.Why not use your own (pen)? I want a car of my own. (3)“of＋名词性物主代词(或名词所有格)”构成双重所有格形式。如：a friend of mine。 3．反身代词 反身代词myself，yourself，himself，herself，itself，oneself，ourselves，yourselves，themselves可在句中作表语、宾语和同位语。 I am not quite myself today.(表语) He saw himself in the mirror.(宾语) I myself did it.(同位语) 4．相互代词 (1)相互代词each other和one another表示相互关系，两者差别不大，一般用作宾语。 Bill and Helen blamed each other. (2)each other和one another有所有格形式，可用作定语。 They looked into each other’s eyes for a silent moment. 5．指示代词 指示代词有this，that，these，those，it，such，same等。 (1)this，that，these，those的用法 ①作主语、宾语、表语和定语。this (these)常代指时间和空间上较近的人或物；而that (those)常代指时间和空间上较远的人或物。 This is my book and that is hers. ②this (these)常指后文将要提及的事物；that (those)常指前文已提及的事物。 Now hear this.Meeting of all students on the playground in ten minutes! He didn’t come.That is why he didn’t know. ③that和those常可用来代指前文提及的内容，以免重复。 The life in Japan is different from that in America. ④this和that有时可表示“程度”，作状语，相当于so。 I don’t want that much. (2)such的用法 可用作主语、宾语、补语和定语。用作定语修饰单数可数名词时，不定冠词a(n)放在such之后。 Such is life./He is such a kind man. (3)same的用法 可用作定语、宾语、表语、状语等，常与定冠词连用。 It’s the same kind of work，just a different department. 6．疑问代词 用于引导特殊疑问句。who，whom，whose用于指人；which和what可指人或物。 (1)who通常作主语和表语，whom作宾语。在口语中，常用who代替whom，但如果前面有介词，则仍需用whom。 Who is he？(表语，问姓名) By whom was the book written？(介词宾语) 试比较：