第四章句子翻译的技巧.pptVIP

* * 第四章：翻译技巧——词类转换法 第四章：句子翻译技巧（上） 教学目的：要求熟练理解句子的翻译技巧，从而在英汉翻译时做到通顺、准确。 教学内容： 1. 增译法 省译法 词类转换 正说反译、反说正译法 翻译练习 教学要求 本讲通过大量的讨论、讲解，旨在帮助学生了解并熟悉词类转换法（Conversion）的翻译技巧；在此基础上了解英汉语常见的差异。 教学内容 转译为动词 转译为名词 转译为形容词 转译为副词 In terms of conversion we mean that in translation a word in one language belonging to a certain part of speech is not necessary to be turned into one of the same part of speech in another language. As a matter of fact, conversion in the English language is very common. Let’s take the word “round” for example: This is the first round. There is a round table in the room. Round the corner slowly. He worked round the day. So, conversion is one of the important techniques and is needed primarily by the differences in syntactic structure and idiomatical way in the two languages. Conversion occurs on many occasions. But the most commonly seen are as follow: 1. 转译成动词 英语和汉语相比较，汉语中动词用得比较多，这是一个特点。 往往在英语句子中只用一个谓语动词，而在汉语中却可以几个动词或动词性结构连用。如： He is a good eater and a good sleeper. (他能吃能睡。)仅这一个句子，就可领悟到英汉互译中词类转译的必要性。 A. 由动词的派生词名词（或含有动作意义的名词）转译为动词 2. His very appearance at any affair proclaims it a triumph. 无论什么事情，只要他一露面，就算是成功了。 3. An acquaintance of world history is helpful to the study of translation. 读一点世界史，对学习翻译是有帮助的。 4. A view of Mt. E-mei can be obtained from here. 从这儿可以看到峨嵋山。 5. He is no smoker, but his father is a chain-smoker. 6. He was a regular visitor. 他倒是不抽烟，但他的爸爸却一支接一支地抽（是个老烟枪）。 他经常来。 B. 英语中加后缀-er, -or 的名词，在句中有时并不表身份和职业，而是含有较强的动作意义。 7. What kind of sailor are you? (a bad sailor or a good sailor?) 你晕不晕船？ 8. “Coming!” Away she skimmed over the lawn, up the path, up the steps, across the veranda, and into the porch. “来啊!” 她转身蹦着跳着地跑了, 越过草地, 跑上小径,跨上台阶, 穿过凉台,进了门廊。 C. 前置词转换为动词 那天她在日出前就起来了. 琼斯把窗子打开,让新鲜空气进来. 10. That day she was up before sunrise. 9. Jones opened the windows to let fresh air in. 2. 转译成名词 A. Verbs-Nouns 英语中有许多由名词派生的动词，以及由名词转用的动词，在汉语中往往不易找到相应的动词，这时可将其转译成汉语的名词。如： 1. She behaves as if she were a child. 她的举止跟一个孩子一样。 2. A well-dres