统计学外文翻译.docx

外文翻译原文名称：Fundamentals_of_StatisticsMeasures of Central Tendency and Location: mean, median, mode, percentiles, quartiles and deciles.xsorted x53535553705358556457575753586964576868695370The Measures of Central Tendency are Mean, Median and ModeMeanx-bar or for a given variable, it is the sum of the values divided by the number of values (xi/n). In this case, we have n = 11. So we need to add all of the values together and divide by 11. = 657, = 59.73Median the number in a distribution of a variable’s response where one half of the values are above and one half of the values are below. To find the median, we first need to put our data in ascending order (smallest to largest). Then we can determine the median…if the value of n is odd, it is simply the middle observation, but if the value of n is even, it is the average of the two middle observations.In this case, n is odd, so the median will be the middle observation of our sorted values (the 6th value)...57Modethe value that occurs most frequently. If there are two different values most frequently occurring, the data are said to be bi-modal. If there are more than two modes, and the distribution is said to be multi-modal. In this case, the value that occurs most often is 53. So, the mode is 53.The measures of location are Percentile, Quartile and DecilePercentile the pth percentile is a value such that at least p percent of the observations are less than or equal to this value andat least (100 – p) percent of the observations are greater than or equal to this value. To calculate percentiles, we use indices (i).i= (p/100) n for p1, p2, p3,…p99If the answer is a whole number (an integer), then i is the average of (P/100)nand 1 + (P/100)n.If the index number is not a whole number, we ALWAYS round up. The position of the index is the next whole number (integer) greater than the computed index. For example:i(p50)= (50/100)11 = 5.5...this rounds up to 6So, we would count from the lowest value of t