计算机外文翻译---计算机引论.doc

Introduction to computer 1 .Computer Literacy The vocabulary of computing is all around you. Before the advent of computers, memory was the mental ability to recall previous experiences; storage was an area where you kept out -of-season clothing; and communication was the act of exchanging opinions and information through writing, speaking, or signs. In today’s world, these words and countless others have taken on new meanings as part of the common terminology used to describe computers and their uses. When you hear the word computer, initially you may think of those found in the workplace—the computers used to create business letters, memos, and other correspondence; calculate payroll; track inventory; or generate invoices. In the course of a day or a week, however, you encounter many other computers. Your home, for instance, may contain a myriad of electronic devices, such as cordless telephones, VCRs, handheld video games cameras, and stereo systems, which include small computers. Computers help you with your banking in the form of automatic teller machines (ATMs) used to deposit or withdraw funds. When you buy groceries, a computer tracks your purchases and calculates the amount of money you owe; and sometimes generates coupons customized to your buying patterns. Even your car is equipped with computers that operate the electrical system, control the temperature, and run sophisticated antitheft devices. Computers are valuable tools. As technology advances and computers extend into every facet of daily living, it is essential you gain some level of computer literacy. To be successful in today’wo4ld, you must have knowledge and understanding of computers and their uses. 2. What is a computer and what does it do A computer is an electronic machine, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory, which can accept data (input), manipulate the data according to specified rules (process), produce results (output), and store the results for future