生活正在变得越来越复杂与艰难.ppt

Para 1: (7 sentences) Welcome to the London Underground, or as it is commonly known, The Tube. It has the distinction of being the oldest and most complex underground system in the world. During the first half of the 19th century, trains services to London were developed . However, most trains into London only went to the distant boundary of the city because building railway tracks into the city would have caused damage to many historic buildings. Thus, many buses were needed to transport people to the city center. Unfortunately, the increased number of vehicles on the road choked off traffic, and the roads became so busy that no one could travel anywhere. This problem with traffic led to the development of the underground system. Para 2( 8 sentences) In 1854, it was decided that the Metropolitan Railway Company could build an underground railway between Paddington and Farringdon. This would be a shuttle between King’s Cross, St Pancreas, Euston, Paddington and the center of London. The first tunnels were opened in 1863 and were just beneath the surface of the ground. Passengers were transported in carriages without windows, which were pulled through the comparatively narrow tunnels by steam engines. Can you imagine the smoke and the noise ? In 1868, the next section of the underground system was opened in the south of London by another company called the Metropolitan District Railway. Sixteen years later, in 1884, the Metropolitan Railway Company and the Metropolitan District Railway linked up and provided the underground service in the middle of the city. This later became the Circle Line. Para 3( 5 sentences) As more advanced ways of digging tunnels were developed, the first railway tunnel under the River Thames was dug in 1884. These new ways of digging accelerated the pace of London Underground’s development. The Ci