精液操作与人工授精.ppt

AI Semen Handling精液操作和人工授精 Beijing World Wide Sires Co., Ltd.北京环球种畜有限责任公司 Additional costs incurred when cows remain open for more than 100 days.母牛空怀超过100天所造成的额外损失 Signs of Heat 发情征候 alert, restless behavior, bawling 警觉、不安、哞叫 shortened feeding time 采食时间短 aggressive behavior, butting 进攻行为、用角顶撞 swollen, reddened vulva 外阴红肿 mucus discharge 排出粘液 withholding of milk 产奶量减少 increased urination 排尿次数增加 mounting other cows 爬跨其它的牛 chin pressing on other cows 用下巴挤压其它的牛 sniffing, licking of vulva, lip curling 闻舔外阴、卷唇 Rules for Good Heat DetectionTie Stall Barns良好的发情检查制度 / 栓系式牛棚 Turn cows loose at least once a day 每天放牛至少一次 Observe for at least 20 minutes 观察至少20分钟 Observe cows 2 other times of the day 当日增加两次其它 时间的观察 Do not feed or otherwise distract the cows when you are checking for heats 检查发情时不要喂牛、否则会分散 牛的发情行为 Exercise area must have good footing 运动场必须平整 Rules for Good Heat DetectionFree Stall Barns良好的发情检查制度 / 自由散放式牛棚 Ensure good footing in walkways 确保通道情况良好 Observe cows 3 times per day for heat 每日观察发情三次 Have unobstructed view of all cows from viewing area 观察发情区域视线良好，无障碍物 Cows will not show good heat signs when feeding or waiting to be milked 采食或等候挤奶时，牛的发情征候不会表现出来 Do not check for heats while there is equipment operating in the area 区域内有设备运行时，不要检查发情 Physical changes 生理变化 Physical changes 生理变化 Signs of having been mounted 有已被爬跨的迹象 Tail rubs 尾部牛毛紊乱 Dirty flanks 胁部（大腿两侧）有泥土牛粪 Mucous discharge from vulva, on tail or body 从阴门排出粘液，尾部或体躯上都有 Pinkish and swollen vulva 外阴红肿 Turgid uterus 子宫肿胀 Physical changes 生理变化 发情鉴定辅助工具-涂色棒 发情鉴定辅助工具-涂色棒 Right Place正确的输精位置 Body of the uterus 进入子宫体 1cm in heifers 青年牛1厘米 2 cm in cows 成乳牛2 cm Right Place 正确的输精位置 Semen Plac