合成氨变换工段毕业的设计说明书.doc

摘要 本文是关于重油为原料年产8吨氨一氧化碳变换工段初步设计。在合成氨的生产中，一氧化碳变换反应是非常重要的反应。用重油制造的原料气中，含有一部分一氧化碳，这些一氧化碳不能直接做为合成氨的原料，而且对合成氨的催化剂有毒害作用，必须在催化剂的催化作用下通过变换反应加以除去。一氧化碳变换反应既是原料气的净化过程，又是原料气的制造过程。本设计主要包括工艺路线的确定、的物料衡算和热量衡算、触媒用量的计算、工艺计算和设备选型、换热器的物料衡算和热量衡算以及设备选型等。并且综合各方面因素对车间设备布置进行了合理的设计，最终完成了20 000字的设计说明书及生产工艺流程图、车间平立面布置图及主体设备装配图的绘制。 关键词：；一氧化碳变换； Abstract This article was about the annual output of heavy oil as raw materials to transform eight thousand tons of carbon monoxide ammonia preliminary design section. In the production of ammonia, transformation of carbon monoxide was a very important reaction. Manufactured using heavy oil feed gas which containa part of carbon monoxide, carbon monoxide could not be directly used as those of the raw materials of synthetic ammonia, but also a catalyst for ammonia poisoning effect there must be a catalyst for transformation through the catalytic reaction to be removed. Transformation of carbon monoxide is a gas purification process of raw materials, but also the manufacturing process of feed gas. The design of the main routes which include the identification process, the medium variant of the furnace material balance , heat balance, the calculation of the amount of catalyst, in the variable furnace process of calculation and selection of equipment, heat exchanger of the material balance and heat balance as well as equipment selection type and so on. Taking all factors and workshop equipment to carry out a reasonable arrangement of the design. In the end, the20 000-word statement and map production process, shopping facade and the main equipment layout drawing assembly were completed. Key words: Heavy oil; Transformation of carbon monoxide; Temperature shift converter; Flow chart?  目 录 摘 要 Abstract Ⅱ 第1章 总论 1 1.1 概述 1 1.1.1 一氧化碳变换反应的意义与作用 1 1.1.2 国内外研究现状 1 1.2 设计依据 1 1.3 厂址的选择 2 1.3.1 厂址选则 2 1.3.2 方案比较 2 1.4 设计规模与生产制度 3 1.4.1 设计规模 3 1.4.2 生产制度 3 1.5 原料与产品规格 4 1.5.1 原料规格 4 1.5.2 产品规格 4 第2章 工艺设计与计算 5 2.1 工艺原理 5 2.2 工艺路线的选择 5 2.3 工艺流程