某中学办公楼建筑与结构的设计.doc

洛阳市西工区某中学办公楼建筑与结构设计 摘 要 本次毕业设计主要是为以设计中学办公楼为目的的设计及计算。 首先进行建筑设计，包括建筑平面设计和立面设计，然后在第一步的基础上进行结构设计。建筑设计主要是依据建筑的使用功能与所给的地质条件来确定，同时考虑中学办公楼的建筑特点，力求简洁明快。 对于结构设计，由于框架结构有诸多优点，所以我选择其作为本次设计的结构形式。结构设计首先进行的是板的计算，然后进行次梁的计算，最后进行框架的计算，包括框架梁与框架住的计算。在框架计算中要考虑到各种荷载作用的影响，主要有恒载、活荷载、风荷载、地震荷载等作用，然后再通过内力组合计算出各危险截面在最不利荷载作用下的内力情况，最后再依靠这些内力情况计算配筋。然后以底层柱的轴力及地质条件为主要指标选择基础类型计算基础尺寸及配筋。对于结构设计首先要以安全为第一要素，在满足承载要求后使其适当经济。 关键词：框架结构,荷载，板梁柱，配筋 ,基础 英文题目 BUILDING AND STRUCTRAL DESINGN OF THE MIDDLE SCHOOL’S OFFICE The graduation project is to design and calculation to design a secondary schools office buildings. For this purpose, First of all, architectural design including the graphic design of the building and facade design, and then structural design basis on it. The architectural design is determined by based on the use of the building features and geological conditions, and taking into account the architectural features of the Middle School office, brevity and clearfully as possible. The frame structure has many advantages, so I chose it as the structure of the design. The structural design of the first calculation of the board and then proceed to the calculation of the secondary beam, the final calculation of the framework which including the calculation of frame beams and framework to live. In the framework of calculation to take into account the influence of various loads, mainly exercise and load, live load, wind loads, earthquake loads, and then to calculate the internal forces of the situation of the dangerous section under the most unfavorable loading by a combination of internal forces, the final no longer rely on these internal force calculation of reinforcement. Then the basis of the type calculated on the basis of size and reinforcement to the bottom of the column axial force and geological conditions as the main indicators. For the structural design the safety is first element of it and economic loading is also be required. KEY WORDS: Frame structure, office building, load, plate beam