毛梾种皮中色素提取及稳定性的研究.docx

毛梾种皮中色素提取及稳定性研究作 者 姓 名 马惠 专 业 食品科学与工程 指导教师姓名 王成忠 专业技术职务 摘 要食用色素分为食用天然色素和食用合成色素两大类。随着现代医学的发展，大多数食用合成色素被证明对人体有不同程度的危害，因此，在现代社会中，从植物中提取的食用天然色素因其安全可靠，种类繁多，且不少品种兼有营养和药理作用，而受到人们越来越多的关注。该文以毛棶为材料，采用溶剂提取法提取色素，通过单因素实验确定包括温度、时间、料液比、提取溶剂浓度等在内的最佳提取工艺条件，并且确定出温度，光照，紫外线以及时间对色素稳定性的影响。毛棶色素属于天然色素安全无污染，并且在自然界中可以大量提取，在未来有很大的应用空间。为毛棶色素的推广及应用提供了实验数据和理论的支持。实验结果表明，毛棶种皮色素在最佳吸收波长540nm处的最佳提取工艺为：提取溶剂50％的乙醇，提取最佳温度70℃，料液比1:40，提取时间45min。毛棶色素的稳定性研究表明：毛棶种皮色素是一种热稳定性、光稳定性色素，加热、光照对色素的稳定性影响不大。毛棶种皮色素在PH为1 ~6内均呈现红色，pH在7~8时,色素呈暗蓝色;当pH为9~10时,色素呈浅棕黄色，PH对色素的呈色及其稳定性有很大影响。此外,维生素C、柠檬酸对毛棶色素稍有增色作用,而葡萄糖、蔗糖、苯甲酸钠、碳酸氢钠和麦芽对毛棶色素没有影响。金属离子Ca2+、Mg2+、K+、Na+对色素影响不大,但Al3+、Zn2+、Cu2+、Fe2+对毛棶色素有消色作用。关键词：毛棶种皮 色素 提取 稳定性ABSTRACTEdible pigmentincludes edible natural pigment and edible synthetic pigment.With the development of modern medicine, most of the edible synthetic pigment was proved to be harmful to human health .Natural edible pigment extracted from plants attracts more and more attention in the modern society, because it is not only safe reliable, but also various, and it has both nutrition and pharmacological effect.In this paper, MAO Lai is used as material,we extract pigment by the solvent extraction method, determined the best extraction technology conditions by single factor experiment, including temperature, time, and solid-liquid ratio and the concentration of extraction solvent, and determine the effect on the stability of the pigment of temperature, light, ultraviolet light and time .MAO Lai pigments are safe pollution-free and natural pigment, and can be extracted in great quantities, it has a great application of space in the future. It provides experimental data and theoretical support. Experimental results show that the MAO Lai skin pigment in the best absorption wavelength of 540 nm best extraction process as follows: 50% ethanol extraction solvent, optimum temperature of extraction is 70 ℃, material: liquid is 1:4