词汇学Unit1for class.doc

英语词汇学 第一单元 英语词汇概说 Introduction Questions: Why do we need to learn lexicology? Answer: How do we learn lexicology? Answer: What is our class like? The Schedule of the Lexicology (90 minutes) 1. To deal with the homework assigned last time. 2. The new unit. Stage A : teacher’s lecture Stage B: Q A / Discussion in groups 3. Exercise in class 4. Checking Exercises and explaining. 5. Assigning the homework. 一、词、词汇、词汇学 I. 什么是词 Lexis n. 词，词汇 Lexicon n. 词典，词汇 （the Greek word for dictionary） Lexicology n. 词汇学，词典学 Thesaurus 词典，宝库，百科全书 1. Defining “Word” 词的概念 Dispute on what a word is in history. With the further study on linguistics, people’s understanding of word gradually turns accordant According to Bloomfield, “a minimum free form is word”. By this he meant that the word is the smallest meaningful linguistic unit that can be used on its own. 2. The Characteristics of Word 词的特征 ⑴ word-form 词形特征 according to the word’s appearance, length and spelling rules compare: father farther; employ employee ⑵ grammatical words 语法特征 I am reading a book. 在该句中每个词都具有语法特征。 Compare: take took taken takes (时态); apple, apples （单复数）；I, me; he, him; she, her; we, us （主格与宾格） ⑶ stability 稳定特征 eg. House, 不能写成 hoose, huoes, etc. ⑷ used independently 独立使用特征 - Will you come here tomorrow? - Certainly./ Definitely./ Hopefully. - Look! Enemy! - Fire! 以上是一个单个词可以担当起一个句子功能的例子。 It is a new TV. TV is a home appliance. They like watching TV at night. 以上三句说明TV可以独立使用在多个完全不同的句子中，而且所起作用也可以不尽相同。 结论： 词是在口语和书面语中能独立、自由使用并具备完整意义的语言最小单位。 II. 什么是词汇 1. What is vocabulary? vo?cab?u?lar?y?n.,?pl.?-lar?ies. 1.?all the words of a language. 2.?a list or collection of words and often phrases, usu. arranged in alphabetical order and defined. This edition of Shakespeares plays has a good vocabulary at the back. 3.?the stock of words used by or known to a particular person or group. He has a vocabulary of about 20,000 words;?the specialized vocabulary of nuclear physics. Vocabulary is a collective