PLC课程设计小车供料系统设计.docVIP

目录 一、方案论证·········································1 1.1设计思路················································1 1.2任务详解················································1 1.3 方案设计流程·········································2 二、系统硬件设计··················································4 2.1 系统原理组成框图··········································4 2.2 器件选择··················································4 2.3 电路原理图················································5 2.4 PLC接线图················································5 三、系统软件设计·················································7 3.1 系统流程图 ···············································7 3.2 I/O分配表··············································7 3.3 梯形图程序···············································8 3.3.1小车运行部分··············································8 3.3.2四级皮带运行部分··········································10 3.3.3故障报警部分·········································12 四、系统调试·················································14 4.1 调试步骤及方法···········································14 4.2 调试过程中问题的发现及解决·······························15 五、结果分析及展望···············································15 附录：梯形图·················································16 一、方案论证 1.1 设计思路 小车的送料和皮带机运输往往是一个整体，如果送料小车出现故障，则皮带将没有货物运输；如果有一台电动机出现故障就会造成货物的堆积，影响生产。而且一个完整的供配系统之间要有很好的联系，这样才能环环相扣，自动循环，所以，我们在设计保护功能齐全的四级皮带控制电路及小车送料系统时，预先考虑系统具有以下功能： 电机顺序启动，逆序停止； 电机的降压启动； （3）具有短路、缺相、过载、急停功能为一体的保护功能。保证电机出现故障后货物不堆积。解除故障后能重新启动； （4）具有单动、循环选择功能； （5）皮带的启停要与小车送料系统相联系； （6）小车运料具有位置显示； （7）小车的装料、卸料点及路线行驶要能实现甲地装料→丙地卸料→乙地装料→丙地卸料往返，自动循环； （6）出现故障后，报警系统启动。 1.2任务详解 1、小车供料系统的设计 用一辆小车分别在甲地或乙地两地装货，装货完成后都在丙地卸货。具体控制要求如下： ① 按下右行开关，小车从甲地装料出发，直接右行到丙地卸货。卸货延时5S，卸货完成小车自动左行，回到乙地或者回到甲地装料，装料延时5S，装料完成，小车自动右行到丙地卸料，如此自动循环运行。 ② 按下左行开关，小车回到甲地或乙地装料，装料延时5S，装料完成，小车自动右行到丙地卸料，卸料延时5S后，自动左行，如此自动循环运行。 ③ 小车右行时只能到丙地，左行时若按下位置选择开关，则小车回到甲地，若不按位置选择，则小车按照甲地装料→丙地卸料→乙地装料→丙地卸料循环运行。 ④ 按下停止开关，小车立即停止运行。 2、四级传送带送料系统的设计 分别用四台电机带动四级传送带，组成一个四级送料系统，具体控制要求如下：① 小车卸料信号发出后，延时5S皮带开始启动。启动时，最先启动第四级皮带，经过3S延时，再启动第三级皮带，如此直到一级皮带启动后，经过