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4. Manager: a. Coordinates staff and productivity b. Delegates differentiated tasks to appropriate personnel Facilitates communication within and among departments  Serves on committees to improve and maintain quality of care e. Makes decisions and directs relevant changes to ensure quality care Which are Professional Nursing Roles P.116 Role Relationship Patterns 5. Evaluator: a. Sets quality assurance/care standards Reviews records and monitors compliance with standards c. Makes recommendations for improvement Which are Professional Nursing Roles P.116 Role Relationship Patterns 6. Researcher: Develops and implement research/grant proposals to broaden understanding of important issues in clinical practice and validate nursing theories as a basis for effective nursing practice Which are Professional Nursing Roles P.116 Role Relationship Patterns 7. Consultant: Provides specialized knowledge/advice to others on health care issues b. Evaluates programs, curricula, and complex clinical data c. Serves as expert witness in legal cases Which are Professional Nursing Roles P.116 Role Relationship Patterns 8. Case Manager: a. Administers care for a caseload of clients b. Coordinates cost-effective care options Monitors client progress toward expected behavioral outcomes Collaborates with other professionals to ensure quality care across health care settings Which are Professional Nursing Roles P.116 Role Relationship Patterns Role Relationship Patterns Objective Four: Discuss the characteristics of the sick role  From the client perspective, loss of or changes in normal roles, role relationships, and role performance are important dimensions(尺度/元)of the emotional pain client’s experience in health care situations. How well people are able to perform their roles within the family and society influences their reputation within the community and their sense of self-esteem. When illness or injury