基于PLC自动灌溉控制系统设计本科毕业设计.doc

摘 要 水是我们维持生命活动必不可少的物质。当今社会水资源利用不合理，造成了极大的浪费。如我国的甘肃、陕西等地水资源匮乏，人们日常生活用水得不到保证，所以要更加合理利用水资源。水资源绝大部分浪费在农田灌溉，人们采用大水漫灌，不仅浪费水资源，更增加劳动量。因此，本文设计了一种自动灌溉装置的PLC控制系统。首先分析了自动灌溉装置的结构及工作原理，从而确定了要求然后进行了硬件设计和软件设计。硬件设计包括PLC选型、I/O分配表和I/O外部接线图软件设计包括了和梯形图程序设计。该系统采用PLC为核心，体积小、功能强、编程简单、可靠性高灵活关键词：自动灌溉;PLC控制系统;硬件设计;软件设计 Abstract Water is essential for us to maintain life activities. In todays society is not reasonable in the utilization of water resources, caused great waste. Such as gansu, shanxi and other places in China water resources shortage area, water not assured that people lives daily, so we need to more rational use of water. Waste most of the waste of water resources in irrigation, because people using flood irrigation, waste water not only, make more people to increased labor. Therefore, this article designed a kind of PLC control system of an equipment of automatic irrigation. First analyzed the structure and working principle of automatic irrigation device, thus determined the work requirements. Then the hardware designed and software designed. Hardware designed including the designed of the hardware principle, type selection of PLC, I/O allocation table and external I/O wiring diagram. Software designed including the designed principle and ladder diagram programming. The system uses PLC as the designed core, small volume, strong function, simple programming, high reliability and flexible assembly. Keywords：Automatic irrigation devicePLC control system; Hardware design; Software design  目 录 1 绪论 1 1.1 1 1.2 国内外研究发展现状 2 1.2.1 国外研究发展现状 2 1.2.2 国内研究发展现状 3 2 自动灌溉装置的控制要求 3 2.1 3 2.2 工作过程 4 2.3 控制要求 5 3 自动灌溉PLC控制系统的硬件设计 5 3.1 5 3.2 PLC选型 6 3.3 I/O分配表 7 3.4 I/O外部接线图 8 4 自动灌溉PLC控制系统的软件设计 9 4. 系统软件的设计原则 9 4. 控制流程图设计 9 4.3 梯形图程序设计 10 4.3.1 A类水生植物梯形图程序设计 10 4.3.2 B类植物梯形图程序设计 11 4.3.3 C类水生植物梯形图程序设计 12 5 PLC控制系统的调试与程序的仿真 15 5.1 15 5.2 程序的仿真 15 6 结论 18 19 附 录 A 20 致谢 24 1 绪论 1.1 课题背景及我国淡水资源短缺，利用率低，水浪费严重，供需矛盾突出。传统灌溉设备单一，灌溉难度大，费时费力，严重制约我国社会经济的发展。因此需要合理灌溉，自动