基于SVPWM异步电机直接转矩控制原理及仿真.doc

毕 业 论 文 二○一四年六月 基于SVPWM的异步电机直接转矩控制原理及仿真 专业班级：电气工程及其自动化1班 姓 名： 指导教师： 轮机工程学院 摘 要 本文首先论述了交流调速系统的发展与现状，简要回顾了电力电子器件、直接转矩控制技术、空间矢量脉宽调制技术的发展历程。接着，系统地论述了直接转矩控制系统的原理，直接转矩控制技术是继矢量控制技术后发展的有一种高性能交流调速技术，它采用空间矢量的分析方式，在两相静止坐标系下计算并控制电机的电磁转矩和磁链。不过，直接转矩控制技术作为一种较新颖的技术，自然存在着不少的问题，比如电流与转矩的脉动问题等。本论文针对传统直接转矩控制系统所固有的问题，提出了基于空间矢量调制技术的直接转矩控制策略。 这种新型控制策略将两者的优点结合起来，把电动机和PWM逆变器看成一体，使电动机获得幅值恒定的近似圆形的磁场，以解决其转矩、电流脉动问题。在论文的撰写阶段，本人做了如下的工作： 通过理论分析，建立了两相静止坐标系下的异步电机数学模型，设计转矩和磁链观测模块，设计坐标变换模块，设计SVPWM生成模块。 最后使用Simulink进行仿真，根据原理，搭建出各个模块的仿真图，仿真实验结果表明，此种控制策略可以减少电磁转矩以及电流的脉动，大大提高直接转矩控制系统的控制性能。 关键词：异步电动机；直接转矩；空间矢量脉宽调制；MATLAB ABSTRACT Firstly, this thesis discusses the current situation and development of the alternating current governor system. And briefly retrospect the development history of power electronic devices, direct torque control system, and space vector pulse width modulation. Then systematically discuss the theory of direct torque control. It’s an alternating current governor technology with high performance developed after vector control technology, which adopts the analysis method of space vector to calculate and control the electromagnetic torque and flux linkage of motor in the two-phase?static?coordinate. However, naturally, there are some problems, such as the pulsation problem of current and electromagnetic torque in direct torque control technology for it is a rather novel technology. This thesis puts forward a control policy of direct torque control system based on space vector PWM aiming at the inherent problems of traditional direct torque control system. This new control policy combines two technologies together seeing the electromotor and PWM inverter as a whole to make a circular magnetic field with a constant amplitude to solve the pulsation problem of current and electromagnetic torque. In the period of writing this thesis, I have done the work as follows: Through the theory analysis, build the mathematical model of asynchro