基于单片机步进电机控制及驱动系统设计.doc

本科毕业设计（论文） 题目 基于单片机的步进电机控制及 驱动系统设计 学生姓名 学　号 教学院系 电气信息学院 专业年级 电气工程及其自动化2009级 指导教师 职　称 单　　位 辅导教师 职 称 单　　位 完成日期 2013 年 06 月 06 日 Southwest Petroleum University Graduation Thesis Control of stepping motor based on single chip and system design Grade: 2009 Name: Speciality: Instructor: 摘 要 步进电机是数字控制系统中的一种执行元件，它能按照控制脉冲的要求，迅速起动，制动，正反转和调速。具有步距角精度高，停止时能自锁等特点，因此步进电机在自动控制系统中，特别是在开环的控制系统中得到了日益广泛的应用。 本文以单片机为核心设计的步进电机控制系统，通过软硬件的设计调试，实现步进电机加、减速控制，正反转控制、步数控制，系统以最短的时间到达控制终点，而又不发生失步的现象；硬件是以AT89C52单片机为核心的控制电路，主要包括：键盘电路、步进电机的驱动电路等。本文用Keil软件编写C语言程序，与汇编语言相比，C语言在功能上、结构上、可维护性上有明显的优势。Keil提供了包括C编译器、宏汇编、连接器、库管理和功能强大的仿真调试器在内的完整开发方案，通一个集成开发环境将这些部分组合在一起。并用Proteus软件仿真单片机及外围器件。 关键词：步进电机控制系统；调速；单片机 Abstract Stepping motor is a kind of digital control system components. It can achieve quick start-up, positive inversion, stopping and speed control, according to the control pulse. It has high precision step angle, and can be self-locking when it keeps still. As these characteristics, stepping motor in automatic control system, especially in the open loop control system has been widely applied. This article mainly focuses on taking Single-chip Computer and cycle pulse distributor as the core, and designing the stepping motor control system. Through the design of the software and hardware debugging, it realizes controlling the step motor’s acceleration and deceleration automatically, according to parameter setting. Making the system arrive the end point with the shortest time, but not occur outing of step. Besides it can accurately achieve start-up, positive inversion and shutdown. Hardware takes AT89C52 as the core of control circuit, mainly including: cycle pulse distributor, keyboard and display circuit, stepping motor driving circuit, etc. This software is written using Keil with C language program . Compared with assembly language , C language’s function , structure , maintainability, has obvious advantages. Keil Software offers including C compiler, macro assemb