毕业的设计阳离子絮凝剂在印染废水中脱色的研究.doc

本科毕业设计(论文) 专 业 应用化学 （清洁催化方向） 年级班别 10级应用化学（2） 姓 名 联系方式 指导教师 2014年6月9日  摘 要 有机高分子絮凝剂因其结构特殊而对水溶性的染料废水具有适用的范围较广、絮凝用量少、絮凝剂受废水溶液pH影响小、有较好的脱色效果、产生的污泥沉淀量少等特点。因为废水中的染料分子在溶液中一般呈负电性，因此，广大科研工作者都在积极的开发研制新型委铵化阳离子有机高效脱色絮凝剂。其中，季铵化阳离子高分子混凝剂具有较大的变通性，并且染料废水的pH值对电荷的密度影响较小，合成的高分子聚合物分子量大，因此，新型阳离子有机絮凝剂被广泛的研究于染料废水的脱色效果中。 本文以环氧氯丙烷和二乙醇胺为合成高分子絮凝剂的原料，二乙烯三胺作为促进合成的交联剂，制得了有机阳离子聚合物，以制得的聚合物为絮凝剂，利用红外光谱对合成产物的结构进行了表征，利用该絮凝剂对酸性黑染料溶液进行了脱色效果试验，研究了絮凝剂用量、搅拌时间絮凝温度、搅拌速度、静置时间等因素对产品脱色性能的影响。实验结果表明絮凝剂对酸性黑的最佳脱色条件：絮凝剂聚环氧氯丙烷胺用量为3g/L，搅拌速度为200r/min，絮凝温度为50℃,搅拌时间为5min，静置时间为30min，脱色率可达92%。 关键词：阳离子絮凝剂；脱色；酸性黑 Abstract The results of research have been shown that organic high molecular weight flocculants can removal dye efficiently in widely range because of the structure characteristic of flocculants. And the excellences of organic high molecular weight flocculants for treating dye wastewater are independents to pH of wastewater, low dosage and low sludge. The surface charge of dye usually is negative, therefore, organic cationic polymer flocculants has been extensively studied and applied to dye wastewater treatment systems in the world. Ammonium flocculants is one of the most valuable flocculants because that the chemical structure of ammonium flocculants is inconstant, surface charge is independent to pH, and molecular is high. So, novel organic cationic polymer flocculant becomes extensively studied in recent years. In this paper, epichlorohydrin and diethanolamine as a raw material, diethylenetriamine as a crosslinking agent, an organic cationic polymer was prepared. To produce the polymer flocculant. Using infrared spectroscopy structural synthesis products were characterized use the flocculant solution of acid black dye bleaching effect test. Studied flocculant dosage, flocculation temperature, stirring speed, mixing time, standing time and other factors affecting the performance of the product discoloration. Expe