《用concord1》ppt课件.ppt

Lecture 2 Subject-Predicate Concord 主谓一致 Subject-Predicate Concord 1. A general introduction Subject-Predicate Concord: The agreement between subject and predicate in number and person. 主谓一致（subject-verb?concord）:主语和谓语动词在“人称”和“数”的方面的一致关系?。 Three principles of S-P concord Grammatical Concord语法一致原则 Notional Concord意义一致原则 Principle of Proximity就近原则 Grammatical Concord refers to the rule that the verb must match its subject in number.语法一致指主语和动词在“数” 上的一致。 If the subject is plural, the verb should take the plural复数的 form; if, on the other hand, the subject is singular单数的 or is an uncountable不可数 noun, the verb should take the singular form. e.g. Both boys have their own merits. Few students are really lazy. Many people want to go. Two girls were standing on the corner. Much effort is wasted. Each boy has his own book. Every girl comes on time. Either answer is correct. Much effort is wasted. Notional Concord refers to the rule that the verb can sometimes agree with the subject according to the notion of number rather than to the actual presence of the grammatical marker for that notion.主谓一致并非取决于语法上的单复数形式，而是取决于主语的单复数意义。 e.g. The government have asked the country to decide by a vote. Fifteen miles seems like a long walk to me. Fifty-six dollars was stolen from the cash register. Principle of Proximity denotes agreement of the verb with a closely preceding noun phrase rather than the head noun that functions as subject.就近原则指“谓语动词”与最靠近他的名词短语的单复数形式一致而不是与主语名词一致” e.g. Either my brothers or my father is coming. Only one out of five were present. No one except his own supporters agree with him. Neither Julia nor I am going. 2. Concord with nouns ending in –s 1) Disease and game names游戏名称 ending in –s 2) Subject names学科名称 ending in –ics 3) Geographical names地理名称 endings in –s 4) Other nouns ending in -s 2.1. To be singular A. disease names通常做单数,但也有单复数都可 arthriti