国际经济学政治经济的贸易政策_PPT_c09.ppt

Chapter 9 The Political Economy of Trade Policy Key Terms Binding 约束 Political argument for free trade支持自由贸易的政治依据 Collective action 集体行动 Preferential trading agreement 特惠贸易协定 Customs union 关税联盟 Prisoner’s dilemma 囚徒困境 Domestic market failures 国内市场失灵 rent-seeking 寻租 Efficiency case for free trade 支持自由贸易的效率观点 Terms of trade argument for a tariff赞成关税的贸易条件改善论 Free trade area 自由贸易区 Key Terms Theory of the second best 次优理论 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade(GATT) 关贸总协定 Trade creation 贸易创造 Trade diversion 贸易转移 International negotiation 国际谈判 Trade round 贸易回合 Marginal social benefit 边际社会收益 Trade war 贸易战 Median voter 中点选民 World Trade Organization 世界贸易组织 optimum tariff 最优关税 Chapter Organization Introduction The Case for Free Trade National Welfare Arguments against Free Trade Income Distribution and Trade Policy International Negotiations and Trade Policy The Doha Disappointment Summary Introduction Free trade maximizes national welfare, but it is associated with income distributional effects. Most governments maintain some form of restrictive trade policies. This chapter examines some of the reasons governments either should not or do not base their policy on economists’ cost-benefit calculations. Introduction What reasons are there for governments not to interfere with trade? Ther