英语演讲的艺术week three.ppt

The more precise your specific purpose, the easier to prepare your speech. Compare the following topic and specific purpose: * Topic: Hot-air-balloons. Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about hot-air-balloons. Topic: Hot-air-balloons. Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about the scientific uses of hot-air- balloons. * Choose a Specific Purpose That Is Appropriate for Your Audience No matter how well you construct your speeches, they are likely to fall flat unless you speak about matters of interest to your listeners. Make sure your specific purpose is not too technical for your audience. Make the number of jargons as small as possible. * Choose a Specific Purpose You Can Achieve in the Allotted Time Classroom speeches are usually quite short, ranging from 2 to 8 minutes. No matter what the audience or occasion, make sure you have a specific purpose that you can reasonably hope to achieve in the allotted time. * Phrasing the Central Idea Central idea: a one-sentence statement that sums up or encapsulates the major ideas of a speech. A concise statement of what you expect to say. Expressed as a simple, declarative sentence that refines and sharpens the specific purpose statement. * Residual message: what a speaker wants the audience to remember after it has forgotten everything else in a speech. Most of the time the central idea will encapsulate the main points to be developed in the body of the speech. For example: * Topic: Qipao. General Purpose: To inform. Specific Purpose: To inform my audience of the history, styles, and cultural impact of Qipao. Central Idea: Qipao was created in the 1920s, comes in a number of styles, and has exerted significant cultural impact on Chinese women. * The speaker starts with a broad subj