中西文明选读6章 Education.ppt

Chapter Six Education 【6.1 The Education of China】 【中国文学】 6.1.1 Education Administration In China, government is the principle investor in education, although private educational investment has been increasing rapidly since 1978. As a result of the reform, decision-making in the area of education has become much more decentralized. Local government is playing a key role in compulsory education, while central and provincial government are dominant in higher education. In occupational and adult education, non-governmental entities including industrial organizations, businesses and public institutions play an important role. Ministry of Education of PRC is the supreme education administrative body in China, which is responsible for carrying out related laws, regulations, guidelines and policies of the central government; planning development of education sector; integrating and coordinating educational initiatives and programs nationwide; maneuvering and guiding education reform countrywide. I. Basic Education China’s reform and opening up since 1978 has brought the basic education into a new period of development. In 1999, the State Council mapped out an outlined program for the reform and development of the educational system, making clear the orientation of development and basic principles for developing basic education. Basic education services are principally provided by local governments under the guidance of the state. The State Education Commission is responsible for formulating rules, principles and policies and general development program and basic school systems. The state has set aside grants for poverty-stricken areas, areas inhabited by people of minority nationalities and teachers’ schools. . 6.1.2 The Chinese Educational System Nursery Schools Nursery schools are mainly in cities. Some offer three-year education services; some offer one year or two years of education. The nursery schools are managed