商务英语阅unit 9.ppt

Unit Nine Teaching Objectives 了解环境和贸易的关系 了解贸易自由化对环境的影响 了解世贸、欧盟等国际组织对环境和贸易的相关规定 Teaching Emphases comply with preliminary mandate preliminary sustainable decrease Content Text Fast Reading I Fast Reading II TEXT Environment, Trade, and Investment Pre-reading questions 1.What do you know about environment, trade and investment? 2.Can you give some examples to illustrate their relationships? Environment, trade, and investment are fundamentally linked as the environment provides many basic inputs of economic activity – forests, fisheries, metals, minerals – as well as the energy used to process those materials. Trade and investment, in turn, are affected by environmental concerns, as producers and investors must comply with environmental regulations and markets must address the consumer demand for greener goods. Aside from these physical and economic connections, there are legal institutions governing trade, investment and the environment. Institutions such as the World Trade Organization and regional and bilateral trade agreements include trade and investment rules. Multilateral Environmental Agreements, regional agreements, and national and sub-national regulations encompass environmental law. Let’s take the United Stats as an example to see how the legal institutions work. The United States is a member of the WTO, which incorporated and extended the GATT in 1995 and sets trade rules for goods for over 130 participating countries. Similarly, the WTO sets rules for trade in services, including environmental services, with the General Agreement on Trade in Services, or GATS. The WTO Preamble affirms the guiding principle of sustainable development: “Relations in the field of trade and economic endeavor should be conducted with a view to raising standards of living...seeking both to protect and preserve the environment and to enhance the means for doing so”. Countries can enter into Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) whether or not they are WTO members. Thes