岁组牙龈出血为课件.ppt

The Epidemiology of periodontal diseases Periodontal diseases Gingivitis is defined as an inflammatory process of the gingiva in which the junction epithelium, although altered by the disease, remains attached to the tooth at its original level Periodontitis is also an inflammatory condition of the gingival tissues, characterized by loss of attachment of the periodontal ligament and the bony support of the tooth From the viewpoint of public health that periodontal diseases are slowly progressing inflammatory diseases. Periodontal diseases Local factors: oral hygiene, dental plaque and calculus Systemic factors: unusual syndromes associated with defects, malnutrition and hormonology imbalance The 3rd National Oral Helath Survey 2005 12岁组牙龈出血为57.7% 35~44岁人群牙周炎患病率41.0% 65~74岁人群牙周炎患病率52.3% An Index is a graduated, numerical scale with upper and lower limits, with scores in the scale corresponding to specific criteria 指数:表明某种现象变动的程度。指标作用或 批示作用的标识。用数值级差作标准，测量 和比较疾病的扩展范围和严重程度 An Ideal Index 简单 Simplicity 价廉 Acceptability 有效 Validity 可靠 Reliability 敏感 Sensitivity 能用统计学方法处理 Quantifiability The Measurement of Periodontal Diseases In contrast to the stability of the DMF index for caries over a 50-year period, the philosophical basis for measuring periodontal disease has changed several times over a shorter time. Clinical measures used for gingivitis and periodontitis were first described 40 years ago. Periodontal health index 1. Oral hygiene index – simplified 简化口腔卫生指数 2. Plaque Index 菌斑指数 3. Turesky Modified Quigley-Hein Plaque Index 4. Gingival Index 牙龈指数 5. Sulcus bleeding index 龈沟出血指数 6. Community periodontal index 社区牙周指数 Oral hygiene index – simplified (OHI-S) Debris index 软垢指数 Calculus index 牙石指数 Oral hygiene index – simplified 牙面：16 11 26 31唇面，36 46舌面 Criteria for DI 0 = No debris in the surface of the teeth. 牙面无软垢 1 = Debris covered less than one third area of the surface. 软垢覆盖面积占牙面1/3以下 2 = Debri