生物化学BiochemistryintroductionPPT课件.ppt

Biochemistry Introduction Universities Analysis Content Biochemistry Brief introduction History Biochemistry, from elements to environments Research Branches Targets and techniques Harvard, inner life Biochemistry Brief Biochemistry is the study of chemical processes in living organisms. Biochemistry governs all living organisms and living processes. By controlling information flow through biochemical signalling and the flow of chemical energy through metabolism, biochemical processes give rise to the complexity of life. enzyme-catalyzed reactions. cell metabolism endocrine system genetic code (DNA, RNA), protein synthesis, cell membrane transport and signal transduction Biohazard I-III, alcoholic fermentation(yeast) AND structures, functions and interactions of cellular components such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids and other biomolecules(biopolymers). Monomers: similar repeating subunits subunit types: eg. protein is a polymer whose subunits are selected from a set of 20 or more amino acids. Almost all areas of the life sciences from botany to medicine are engaged in biochemical research. Important discoveries: 1828, Friedrich W?hler, proved organic compounds can be created artificially. 1833, Anselme Payen, the first enzyme, diastase. 1947, Gerty Cori, Carl Cori, Nobel Prize for their discovery of the Cori cycle. 1953, Hans Adolf Krebs, Nobel Prize, Krebs cycle (citric acid cycle). 1956, James D. Watson, Francis Crick…Nobel Prize, DNA structure, gene transfer information. 1958, George Beadle, Edward Tatum, Nobel Prize, one gene produces one enzyme. 2006 , Andrew Z. Fire, Craig C. Mello, Nobel Prize, RNAi in the silencing of gene expression. 2009, Venkatraman Ramakrishnan, Thomas A. Steitz… Nobel Prize, ribosome atomic level research. \ History Gerty Cori and Carl Cori Watson and Crick Andrew Z. Fire and Craig C. Mello Nobel Prizes put Biochemistry in the spotlight Biochemistry: fundamental of life sciences Fro