稳定期copd诊治进展13研究生刘锦铭ppt课件.ppt

为导致DALY损失的第12位原因 伤残调整寿命年 将成为 生 属于病理变化 本图说明吸烟与COPD发病的密切关系。吸烟者COPD的累积发病率高达35.5%，而不吸烟者仅为 7.8%，且吸烟者中不同程度的COPD发病率皆比不吸烟者的高。以上数据皆提示吸烟能增加COPD的发病。 Key Point Smoking is associated with a higher incidence of COPD. Those who quit smoking have a lower incidence of COPD. L?kke et al examined the risk of developing COPD in a general population over a period of 25 years and analyzed this risk in relation to different amounts of tobacco smoked. All individuals included in this study participated in the Copenhagen City Heart Study, which is a longitudinal study of several thousand individuals from the city of Copenhagen in Denmark. The data used were taken from the 4 examinations of the Copenhagen City Heart Study; 14,223 individuals went to the first examination, which was conducted from 1976 to 1978. Men and women (N=8045) aged 30 to 60 years with normal lung function who were nonasthmatics and who had adequate smoking data were chosen from this group and followed up for 25 years. Spiromety was checked at baseline and subsequently 3 additional spirometric examinations were done during the 25 years. This enabled the investigators to monitor for the development of COPD. Data on mortality came from the Danish Death Register. At the fourth examination, which was conducted between 2001 and 2003, all subjects reported whether they were current smokers, ex-smokers, or never smokers. Using this information, the investigators defined the following subgroups: Never smokers Ex-smokers (stopped smoking before enrollment) Early smoking cessation (stopped smoking between the first and second surveys) Intermediate smoking cessation (stopped smoking between the second and third surveys) Late smoking cessation (stopped smoking between the third and fourth surveys) Continuous smokers (continued smoking throughout the entire follow-up period). This slide shows the calculated incidence rates for COPD for men and women in these subgroups. The highest incidence of COPD was seen in continu