外文翻中国的地裂缝灾害.docVIP

本科毕业设计(论文) 英语翻译译文 题目：　Ground fissure hazards in China 中国的地裂缝灾害 姓 名： 专 业： 勘查技术与工程 班级学号： 指导老师： 指导教师职称： 教授 2013年 5月 20日 Ground fissure hazards in China Introduction: Ground fissures are very popular earth surface phenomena, showing the discontinue or broken of the earth surface. Usually, they occur accompanying with other geological hazards. There are many kinds of ground fissures: tectonic fissures, including fault fissures, earthquake fissures, volcanic fissures; slip-collapse fissures, including landslide fissures, mining fissures. Ground fissures have long history in China. The earliest ground fissures were recorded about five thousand years ago, “Ground fissures occurred before Yellow Emperor passed” (Taiping Yulan, the 880th).Those ancient ground fissures were pure natural ground fissures .However, the modern ground fissures have been caused by both natural and man-made genesis since the beginning of 20th century and occurred only tens of years. History of modern ground fissures in China The first group fissure was observed on the walls of the buildings in Northwestern University in Xi’an city in 1958.At the beginning; people did not pay attention to it, and thought that it might be caused by the bad quality of the buildings. Along with the development of pumping ground water, the fissures become longer and longer, and the scarps become higher and higher. However, people did not pay attention to them until the tragedy-Tang Shan earthquake (July 28, 1976, M=7.8) happened, when ground fissures became to severe that they were thought might be the precursor of a potential earthquake in Xi’an region (LI,et al,1986).In many other provinces of North China region, such as Hebei, Shanxi, Shandong and Jiangsu, ground fissures also occurred in this period. Since the beginning of 1980s, ground fissures have become a very severe geological hazard in many places (XIE, 1988).