由土地用状况引发的思考.doc

由土地利用状况引发的思考 Caused by land-use status of thinking 学生姓名： 指导老师： 所在院系： 资源与环境学院 所学专业： 土地资源管理 中国· 2009年12月 摘 要 土地是生产资料的重要组成部分，中国是社会主义公有制国家土地所有权必须归国家占有。要使土地作为一种生产要素充分发挥作为稀缺资源的作用，必须使土地的经营和使用通过市场来配置。目前，我国已进入全面建设小康社会、加快社会主义现代化建设的发展阶段。在这个阶段“要以完善社会主义市场经济体制为目标，继续推进市场取向的改革，从根本上消除生产力发展的体制障碍，为经济发展注入新的活力”。随着时代的演进和改革的深入中国以前的土地政策已不再适应新的形势本文首先通过对产权理论的具体分析，然后具体分析城市和农村土地，出土地制度中存在的问题，并从制度和经济角度分析其原因，提出规范土地产权制度，改进现行土地流转制度，使土地资源进一步市场化,由市场进行统一配置,而政府只是作为制度的建立者和监督者起宏观调控的作用。关键字： 农村农民 城市 土地 产权 制度 ABSTRACT Land is an important part of the means of production, China is socialist public ownership of state land ownership must be turned over to national appropriation. Make the land as a factor of production into full play the role as a scarce resource must be the operation and use of land through the market to configure. In this paper, through a detailed analysis of property rights theory, and then a specific analysis of urban and rural land resources, the use of the present situation of problems existing in the land system, and from institutional and economic point of view of the reasons put forward norms of land property rights system to improve the existing land transfer system so that land resources in the further market-oriented, unified by the market allocation, and the Government only as a system is established and the supervisor played the role of macro-control.  At present, China has entered the building a moderately prosperous society and accelerating socialist modernization construction stage of development. At this stage is necessary to improve the socialist market economic system as the goal, continue to promote market-oriented reforms, to fundamentally eliminate the institutional obstacles to development of productive forces, in order to inject new vitality into the economic development. As time evolution and the deepening of reform in China prior to the land policy is no longer adapt to the new situation, this paper respectively in urban and rural land use conditions