人教版八年级英语语法整理.docx

人教版八年级上册英语语法整理Unit 1 How often do you exercise?特殊疑问句：wh-questions: what, who, where, when, which, whose, why, whom等。特殊疑问句的构成及用法：1.结构：特殊疑问词+ 一般疑问句， 即：特殊疑问词+be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语/表语（+其他）疑问代词：1) Who:谁。做主语，用来指人?Who is the boy under the tree?2）Whom 谁，做宾语，用来指人?Whom are you writing to?3) Whose 谁的，用来指所属关系，如果做定语，一般后接名词 Whose pen is this?4) Which 哪个，哪些，用来指对人或物在一定范围之内进行选择 Which grils will in the sports meeting? Which pen is Lily’s?5)What什么，通常指物，也可指人，一般用在没有指出范围的情况下 What can you see in the picture? What are you doing now?疑问副词：1)? ?? ?When:何时，询问时间?When will she come back?2)? ?? ?Where何地，询问地点， Where do you come from?3)? ?? ?Why为什么，询问原因， Why are you late for school?4)? ?? ?How?如何，询问手段、方式、工具以及程度等 How do you usually go to school?5)? ?? ?How old多大，询问年龄，How old is Jim’s little brother?6)? ?? ?How many/much多少，询问数量?How many birds are there in the tree?7)? ?? ?How far多远，询问距离， How far is it form your home to school?8)? ?How long多长，多久，询问时间的长度或距离 How long will you stay in Beijing?9)? ?? ?How often多长时间按一次，询问频率 How often do you go to see your grandparents?10)? ?How soon多久，询问时间 How soon will you come back?频率副词：表示动作发生的频率，never, sometimes, often, usually, always.Unit 2 What’s the matter with you?1.?用have?来描述身体不适 have/have got a +疾病名字；得了……病2.情态动词should,情态动词should,can, may, must没有人称和时态的变化，后接动词原形Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation?现在进行时表将来?一般将来时表示将要做某事或计划打算做某事要用到句型“be+doing”其中be是助动词，它有人称和单复数的变化。Be: am, is, are. be + v.ing是现在进行时的形式，但用于表示将来。用进行时表将来，常用于表示即将来临的未来预定要做的事情，一般指个人计划要做的事。用于此情况的动词一般是表示位置转移的动词，如，go, come, leave, start, arrive, move等。一．肯定句中，结构为“be+doing.”I am going shopping this afternoon.二．否定句是在be之后加not.??I’m not going to shopping this afternoon.三．一般疑问句是将be置于句首 Are you going shopping this afternoon?—Yes, I am/ we are.??No, I’m not./ We aren’t.四．特殊疑问句“疑问词+一般疑问句语序。”What are you doing for vacation?? ?? ?? ???When is he going camping?Who are you going there with?? ?? ?? ?? ? Where is she going?Unit 4 How do you get to school?Grammar:?How引导的特殊疑问句：是指以How, how far, how long, how old,how many, how much等