传染病学课件疟疾英文课件.ppt

Malaria Definition Malaria is a parasitosis caused by plasmodia. It is transmitted to human by the bite of mosquito. Clinical feature: cyclic chill, high fever profuse sweating. In chronic illness, there are anemia splenomegaly. Etiology Causative organism: Plasmodia P. Vivax: tertian malaria P. Malariae: quartan malaria P. Falciparum: malignant malaria P. Ovale: tertian malaria Pathogenicity: merozoite, malarial pigment products of metabolism Etiology Tachysporozoite Bradysporozoite Merozoite Sporozoite Parasitemia Etiology Tow period: human - whole asexual reproduction mosquito - sexual parasitic stage Two host: human - intermediate host mosquito - final host notes: clinical symptoms: erythrocytic stage relapse: exerythrocytic stage infectivity: sporozoite Epidemiology Source of infection Patient, parasite carrier Route of transmission female mosquito biting person blood transfusion Susceptibility: universal susceptibility no-cross-immunity re-infection Epidemic features: sporadic or endemic, tropic or subtropic Pathogenesis Mechanism of attack merozoite RBC rupture malaria pigment products of metabolism blood stream allergy P. Faciparam: produce microvascular disease magnitude of the parasitemia age of patient no specific Ab or cell -mediated response Pathology Anemia: P. Vivax - retiform RBC P. Malariae - mature RBC P. Falciparum - every RBC Prolifeation of mononuclear phagocyte hepatomegaly splenomegaly Cerebral edema congestion Clinical manifestation Incubation period: quartan malaria: 24-30 day tertian malaria: 13~15 day malignant malaria: 7~12 day Clinical manifestation Typical attack Chill: abrupt onset, shivering, pale face,cyanosis. Last 10 min or 1~2hr. High fever: T rise to 40oC with malaise, myalgia, thirsty.