城市化农地制度和迁移人口社会保障UrbanizationRural.ppt

城市化、农地制度与迁移人口社会保障 Urbanization, Rural Land System and Migrant’s Social Security in China Tao Ran Xu Zhigang 研究背景:中国发展中面临的两个挑战 Motivation: Two Important Trends are Creating Major Policy Challenges for China’s Development 1 从农村到城市的大规模人口迁移 　Large Scale Rural to Urban Migration 2 城市化过程中的土地征用 Large Scale Purchase of Land from Farmers in Suburban Regions 城市化：迁移人口与失地农民Urbanization, Migration and Dispossessed Farmers 140million 包括： including: 农村-城市迁移人口 Rual-Urban Migrants 9000-9500万 失地农民 Dispossessed Farmers in urbaniztion 2000-2500万 城市化过程中的土地征用Land Requisition in Urbanization 2002年约300万亩，占耕地的0.16% ，300万失地农民。 Around 3 Million mu per year, 0.16% of Arable Land，3 Million dispossessed farmers. 这两个趋势在目前体制下的影响Impacts of These Trends 大量农村劳动力需要向城市进行永久迁移，但面临困难Rising demand from a large cohort of rural population to find a way to permanently migrate to cities, but face difficulties in doing so 城市化过程中失地农民利益往往难以得到保护 　Dispossessed farmers in urbanization easily undermined 留在农村的人对耕地的需求增加,但土地不得不进行调整 　Increased demand for land of those who are left behind in migration process( they want to improve their lives too) 解决这些问题的重要性Benefits of Finding a Solution 加速人口城市化的同时保障失地农民的利益 　Promote urbanization while protect the interests of dispossessed farmers in urbanization 城乡差距的缩小和城乡二元社会消解 　Reduce gaps between urban-rural and between migrants and city workers 提高农业生产力 Promote continued high productivity in agriculture 相互联系的两个重大制度改革 户籍制度改革：城市化过程中的迁移人口 Household Registration System (Hukou) Reform 农地制度改革：土地征用与农村内部土地调整 Rural land reform: land requisition in urbanization and rural land reallocation within village. 户籍制度和农地制度改革的重要性Importance of Hukou and Rural Land Reform 直接关联8000-9000万迁移劳动力，2000-3000万失地农民，2-3亿农村人口，以后还会进一步增加 The reforms relate directly to 80-90 million rural migrants, 20-30 million dispossessed farmers in urban expansion. In total 20-30 million rural population are affected and will increase further in the future. 本报告的目的　Goals of