医学类产ndm1 泛耐药肠杆菌科细菌感染课件.ppt

* * * * * * * * * * * 随致病菌的种类、数量、毒力以及患儿年龄和抵抗力的强弱不同而异。轻者仅有一般感染症状，重者可发生感染性休克、DIC、多器官功能衰竭等。 　　1.1 感染中毒症状：大多起病急骤，先有畏寒或寒战，继之高热，热型不定，弛张热或稽留热；体弱、重症营养不良和小婴儿可无发热，甚至体温低于正常。精神萎靡或烦躁不安，严重者可出现面色苍白或青灰，神志不清。四肢末梢厥冷，呼吸急促，心率加快，血压下降，婴幼儿还可出现黄疸。 　　1．2 皮肤损伤：部分患儿可见各种皮肤损伤，以瘀点、瘀斑、猩红热样皮疹、荨麻疹样皮疹常见。皮疹常见于四肢、躯干皮肤或口腔粘膜等处。脑膜炎双球菌败血症可见大小不等的瘀点或瘀斑；猩红热样皮疹常见于链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌败血症。 　　1．3 胃肠道症状：常有呕吐、腹泻、腹痛，甚至呕血、便血；严重者可出现中毒性肠麻痹或脱水、酸中毒。 　　1．4 关节症状：部分患儿可有关节肿痛、活动障碍或关节腔积液，多见于大关节。 精品PPT课件 浏览免费 下载后可以编辑修改。 /xmlxh /jnlxh / / / 课件下载后可以编辑，欢迎下载收藏。 * * * * Once a pathogen produces infection, antimicrobial treatment may be essential. However, antimicrobial use promotes selection of antimicrobial-resistant strains of pathogens. As the prevalence of resistant strains increases in a population, subsequent infections are increasingly likely to be caused by these resistant strains. Fortunately, this cycle of emerging antimicrobial resistance / multi-drug resistance can be interrupted. Preventing infections in the first place will certainly reduce the need for antimicrobial exposure and the emergence and selection of resistant strains. Effective diagnosis and treatment will benefit the patient and decrease the opportunity for development and selection of resistant microbes; this requires rapid accurate diagnosis, identification of the causative pathogen, and determination of its antimicrobial susceptibility. Optimizing antimicrobial use is another key strategy; optimal use will ensure proper patient care and at the same time avoid overuse of broad-spectrum antimicrobials and unnecessary treatment. Finally, preventing transmission of resistant organisms from one person to another is critical to successful prevention efforts. * These 12 steps to Prevent Antimicrobial Resistance among hospitalized adults are action steps that clinicians can and should take now. They are designed to optimize patient safety and the outcome of infectious disease management. Together, these steps can prevent the emergence and spread of antimicrob