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基于单片机的多功能字钟设计
摘 要
基于单片机的定时和控制装置在许多行业有着广泛的应用，而数字钟是其中最基本，也是最具有代表性的一个例子。在基于单片机系统的数字钟电路中，除了基本的单片机系统和外围电路外，还需要外部的控制和显示装置。在本设计系统中，输入装置是按键开关，由于控制数字钟的运行模式，显示装置是LED 七段数码管，显示时间。通过数字钟的设计这个实例，可以使单片机系统的初步入门设计者很好地了解单片机的结构及其系统开发的设计方法。
关键字：数字钟；单片机；LED显示电路；定时
目 录
引言
1.1单片机简介······················································1
1.1.1单片机的特点···················································1
1.1.2 单片机的应用·················································· 1
总体方案设计
2.1 系统分析························································3
2.2 单片机的选择····················································4
系统硬件设计
3.1 硬件系统设计····················································5
3.2单片机结构及其引脚···············································6
3.2.1 端口线·························································7
3.2.2 电源线·························································7
3.2.3 控制线·························································7
3.3 定时器/计数器····················································8
3.3.1 MCS-51对内部定时器/计数器的控制·······························8
3.3.2 工作方式······················································8
3.4 晶振和复位电路·················································11
3.4.1 晶振电路······················································11
3.4.2 复位电路······················································11
3.5 校时（功能切换）电路···········································13
3.6 LED显示电路···················································13
3.6.1 LED显示的基本原理············································13
3.7 音频驱动·······················································14
3.8 系统整体电路···················································14
软件设计
4.1 汇编语言的构成·················································15
4.1.1 汇编语言的格式················································15
4.1.2 常用伪指令····················································16
4.2 主要指令的介绍·················································17
4.3 几个主要的子程序···············································17
结论
5.1毕业设计所做的工作·······················18
5.2 系统存在问题及改进方案···········
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