and Limbic System Download Center丘脑和边缘系统下载中心课件.ppt

Korsakoff’s psychosis (Retrograde = loss of new memories at the time of lesion with retained old memories anterograde amnesia= inability to gain new memories) Temporal lobe epilepsy The hippocampus is a common focus site in epilepsy, and can be damaged through chronic seizures. It is sometimes damaged in diseases such as herpes encephalitis, Alzheimer’s disease: The hippocampus is one of the first brain areas to show damage in Alzheimers disease Schizophrenia. Lesions associated with limbic lobe disorders * * Prof.Saeed Abuel Makarem Prof.Saeed Abuel Makarem Prof.Saeed Abuel Makarem Prof.Saeed Abuel Makarem Prof.Saeed Abuel Makarem Prof.Saeed Abuel Makarem * By Prof. Saeed Abuel Makarem By the end of the lecture, the student should be able to: Describe the anatomy and main functions of the thalamus. Name and identify different nuclei of the thalamus. Describe the main connections and functions of thalamic nuclei. Name and identify different parts of the limbic system. Describe main functions of the limbic system. Describe the effects of lesions of the limbic system. Objectives * THALAMUS It is the largest nuclear mass of the whole body. It is the largest part of the diencephalon It is formed of two oval masses of grey matter. It is the gateway to the cortex. Resemble a small hen. Together with the hypothalamus they form the lateral wall of the 3rd ventricle. PONS Thalamus Corpus callosum Midbrain * It sends received information to the cerebral cortex from diverse brain regions. Axons from every sensory system (except olfaction) synapse in the thalamus as the last relay site last pit stop before the information reaches the cerebral cortex. There are some thalamic nuclei that receive input from: Cerebellar nuclei, Basal ganglia- and Limbic-related brain regions. Thalamus It has 4 surfaces 2 ends. Surfaces Lateral: Posterior limb of the internal capsule Medial: The 3rd ventricle It is connected to the thalamus of the opposite side by the int