国外认知心理学课件1-CogPsychLecture_3.pptVIP

Cognitive Psychology Lecture 3: Long Term Memory September 2007 John Toner Schacter Tulving (1994) Overview of Lecture Semantic Memory Episodic Memory Perceptual Representations Procedural Memory Vowel Counting apple Vowel Counting chair Vowel Counting light Vowel Counting syrup Vowel Counting sword Vowel Counting ! Digit Task Counting backwards from 70 in 8’s List the next 5 numbers in this sequence 70, 62, 54,__,__,__,__,__ Anagrams (5 seconds) bianr Anagrams (5 seconds) ciarh Anagrams (5 seconds) atlpn Anagrams (5 seconds) gtilh Anagrams (5 seconds) enots Anagrams (5 seconds) purys Anagrams (5 seconds) STOP bianr brian ciarh chair atlpn plant gtilh light enots stone purys syrup Design First and last vowel counting words not used Distraction task Anagrams for both primed and unprimed words as similar as possible Explicit Implicit Memory Explicit memory involves conscious recollection of previous experience. It is what most people generally refer to as ‘memory’ Implicit Memory is an unintentional, non-conscious form of retention. It can be revealed when performance on a task is facilitated without conscious recollection Explicit Implicit Memory Examples of Implicit Memory: Finding a key quickly and turning it efficiently in a lock Deciding that ‘doctor’ is a word happens faster after presentation of ‘nurse’ rather than ‘north’ Explicit Implicit Memory Rule of Thumb: Explicit memory is often associated with increased brain activity, while implicit memory is associated with decreased activation Can we prove that any experimental task does not use explicit memory? Long Term Memory Systems Proposed by Schacter Tulving (1994) Memory systems handle information within a given class or domain (e.g. episodic memory deals with memory of events) Properties of a system: Rules of operation, neural substrates and function of a system distinguish it Convergent dissociations: A given memory system