Body Planes, Directions, and Cavities - Swcsus体层，方向，和型腔的swcsus.ppt

Body Planes, Directions, and Cavities Community Education Chapter 1 Mr. Kestner Body Planes, Directions, and Cavities Because terms such as south and east would be difficult to apply to the human body, other directional terms have been developed These terms are used to describe the relationship of one part of the body to another part The terms relating to body planes, directions, and cavities are used frequently in the study of human anatomy Planes, Directions and Cavities Body planes Imaginary lines drawn through body at various parts to separate body into sections Directional terms are created by these planes Three main planes Transverse Midsagittal Frontal Transverse Plane Horizontal plane divides the body into top and bottom halves Body parts above other parts are termed superior Body parts below other parts are termed inferior For instance: knee is superior to ankle, but inferior to hip Two other directional terms related to this plane includes Cranial – body parts located near the head Caudal – body parts located near the sacral region of the spinal column (also known as the “tail”) Midsagittal (or Median) Plane Divides the body into right and left sides Body parts close to the midline, or plane, are called medial Body parts away from the midline are called lateral Frontal (or Coronal) Plane Divides the body into front and back sections Body parts in front of plane, or on the front of the body are called ventral, or anterior Body parts in back of plane, or on the back of the body are called dorsal, or posterior Planes, Directions and Cavities Two other directional terms are: Proximal Distal These terms are used to describe the location of the extremities in relation to the main trunk of the body (generally called the point of reference) Body parts close to the point of reference are called proximal Body parts distant from the point of reference are called distal Planes, Directions and Cavities Body cavities Spaces within body that contain vital organs Two