上海交通大学耳鼻咽喉科学英文版课件 rhinology.ppt

Rhinology Nasal dissection and physiology dissection 鼻（Nose) External nose Nasal cavity Nasal sinuses Dissection —external nose Shape of external nose：pyramid Nasal root Nasal apex Nasal bridge Nasal dorsum Alae nasi Basis nasi— anterior nares，columella nasi，nasolabial fold Dissection —external nose nose stretcher： bone—prefrontal bone nasal bone ascending processes of the maxillae palatine process nose stretcher ： cartilage—lateral nasal cartilage greater alar cartilage Dissection —external nose The venous drainage of the external nose These veins mainly drain to internal carotid vein via angular vein and facial vein，but angular vein communicate to cavernous sinus via the the ophthalmic veins。 facial vein ---- no valve。 danger triangle of face Dissection —nasal cavity Nasal vestibule nasal cavity Dissection nasal cavity nostril、choanae internal、external、top、bottom Nasal cavity top: anterior: prefrontal bone nasal bone posterior: anterior wall of sphenoid sinus intermediate: cribriform plate bottom: 1.palatine process of maxilla 2.horizontal process of palate bone Dissection medial wall of nasal cavity Nasal septum：cartilage of nasal septum, lamina plate of ethmoid bone and vomer。 Nosebleed area：the branches of arteries aggregate in intramembrane of nasal septum ,easy to bleeding ,so named Little area.  Lateral wall of nasal cavity Three turbinates dispose like ladder(superior, middle,inferior turbinate) superior,middle, inferior meatus Lateral wall of nasal cavity Inferior turbinate and inferior meatus: middle turbinate and middle meatus : Lamella of middle turbinate(devide ethmoid sinus to anterior part and posterior part) The gap between the nasal septum and free margin of turbinate ,named meatus of nose Lateral nasal passage Frontal sinus drain to anterior superior part of ethmoidal infundibul