上海交通大学耳鼻咽喉科学英文版课件 trachea diseases and esophagus diseases.ppt

Trachea diseases and esophagus diseases Anatomy and physiology of trachea and bronchus Trachea: in the middle of neck and thoracic cavity. 16-20 trachea rings in total, and 7-8 ring in the neck. Bronchus tree. The angle between the trachea and the bronchus: left45o, right25o carina of trachea: the end of trachea. A important mark in the bronchoscopy Physiology of trachea and bronchus Clearance of inspiratory granule Immunity Cough reflex Reflex of brushing aside air Anatomy and physiology of esophagus Muscular organ. Pipe in shape Inner layer: mucosa Middle layer: submucosal tissue external layer: muscle Physiological stenosis in esophagus 1）from upper incisor 16cm 2）from upper incisor 23cm 3）from upper incisor 27cm 4）from upper incisor 36cm Physiology of esophagus Peristalsis Vomit reflex Thanks