上海交通大学耳鼻咽喉科学英文版课件 congenital lesions of larynx.ppt

Congenital lesions of larynx Congenital stridor common in infants causes：laryngeal cartilages hypoplasia calciumdeficiency---laryngeal chondromalacia symptoms：1）three depressions sign 2）wheeze treatment ：1）symptom-free ，no particular treatment---take in more calcium and cod liver oil 2）side-lying 3）tracheotomy laryngeal web laryngomalacia Inflammatory diseases of the larynx Acute epiglottitis A common disease, often misdiagnosed, can cause dyspnea and threaten patient’s life causes：bacterial or viral infection, allergy, foreign body, trauma, inspiration of chemicals, spread of inflammation from pharyngitis Inflammatory diseases of the larynx Acute epiglottitis symptoms：acute onset, high fever, sore throat, dysphagia, unclear articulation, dynpnea Inflammatory diseases of the larynx Acute epiglottitis exam：oropharynx is normal, congestion and edema of the epiglottis, difficult to explore the vocal cords Acute epiglottitis Inflammatory diseases of the larynx Acute epiglottitis treatment： systemic administration of antibiotics and corticosteroid. tracheotomy if necessary incise the epiglottic abscess if it is formed Inflammatory diseases of the larynx Acute laryngitis causes：infection, vocal overuse, inhalation of toxic gas symptoms：hoarseness, sore throat, cough Inflammatory diseases of the larynx Acute laryngitis exam：diffused congestion and edema of the vocal cords treatment：vocal rest, nebulization therapy with antibiotics, steroid and traditional Chinese medicines Inflammatory diseases of the larynx Acute laryngitis in children Often occurred in children from 6m~3y causes：caused by infectious diseases or upper respiratory tract infection Inflammatory diseases of the larynx Acute laryngitis in children symptoms：cough，Three-concave sign, inspiratory dyspnea, fever and restlessness exam：congestion and edema of laryngeal mucosa, especially subglottic mucosa Inflammatory diseases of the larynx  Acut