精细化学品生技术毕业论文.doc

精细化学品生产技术毕业论文 专业： 精细化学品生产技术 摘要 柠檬酸钠是一种无色晶体或白色结晶粉末，目前最重要的柠檬酸盐。柠檬酸钠主要由淀粉类物质经发酵生成柠檬酸在和碱类物质中和而产生。柠檬酸钠用作食品添加剂，需求量最大，主要用作调味剂、缓冲剂、乳化剂、膨胀剂、稳定剂和防腐剂等。业上生产柠檬酸钠的传统工艺过程是：先用硫酸对柠檬酸钙进行酸解，再进行过滤、脱色及离子交换，得到柠檬酸。将柠檬酸与碳酸钠进行中和反应，即得到柠檬酸钠。该方法生产成本高、周期长、副产品硫酸钙不能有效利用，从而造成环境污染。 本论文采用钙盐一步法生产柠檬酸钠：用柠檬酸钙与碳酸钠反应来生成柠檬酸钠。与旧工艺比较这种新工艺简化了生产过程，降低了成本，但必须使用催化剂。本文研究了钙盐一步法生产柠檬酸钠的工艺方法，通过对实验条件的研究，使柠檬酸钙的转化率最高达到99.7%，柠檬酸钠的产率最高达到98.6%。该方法缩短了反应时间、提高了产率、减少了污染。 关键词：柠檬酸钠；柠檬酸；生产工艺； Abstract Sodium citrate is one kind of clear crystal or the white crystallization powder, at present the most important citrate. Sodium citrate is producing by the starch class material after the fermentation production citric acid in the alkalis materials. Sodium citrate serves as the food additive, is high demand, and mainly serves as the seasonal, the buffer, the emulsifier, the plumping agent, the stabilizer and the antiseptic and so on. In the industry produces sodium citrate the traditional process is：First, Sulfuric acid solution of citric acid, calcium, further filtering, bleaching and in exchange, to get citric acid. Carry Citric acid and sodium carbonate on reaction, and that is to get sodium citrate. This method production cost is high, the cycle is long, the sideline product calcium sulfate cannot use effectively, thus causes the environmental pollution. The present paper uses the calcium salt one-stage process production sodium citrate: Produce the sodium citrate with the calcium citrate and the sodium carbonate response. Compared with the old process, this new technology simplifies the production process, reduced the cost, but must use catalyst. Through to experimental condition research,Causes the calcium citrate the conversion rate to be highest achieves 99.7%, sodium citrate production rate is highest achieves 98.6%. This method reduced the reaction time, raise the production rate, and reduce the pollution. Key word: Sodium citrate; Citric acid; Technique of production; 目 录 摘要……………………………………………………………… 5 Abstract…………………