自然河道演变过程模型试验研究.docVIP

自然河道演变过程模型试验研究 　　摘要：在天然情况下，河床总是处在不断地变化和发展过程中。河床的演变与国家经济密切相关，直接影响农业和工业生产。本课题主要研究平原河流自然情况下的演变，根据平原河道形态、演变特性、水流运动等方面的不同将河道分成顺直型、弯曲型、分汊型和游荡型四种。本试验采用自然模型法模拟自然河流，按照提前设计出的河宽、河深、流量和比降等参数，人工塑造河道，利用水流的循环流动不断冲刷河道，使其自然演变。冲刷稳定后，测量河道外部形态和内部水流运动轨迹等数据进行分析。通过几组模型试验发现河道外部形态及流量的变化将会很大程度地影响河道的演变，演变后河床形态和河道内的流速分布出现明显的差异。 　　关键词：河道演变；自然模型试验；流速分布 　　Abstract: In natural condition, the riverbed is always in constant change and development process. And it is closely related to the national economy and riverbed evolution and has a direct impact on the agricultural and industrial production. This paper mainly studies the evolution of plain river natural conditions, according to the evolution of plain river morphology, characteristics, water movement and other aspects of the different river into straight. After measuring the river erosion, it discusses the external form and internal flow trajectory data analysis. Through several tests found that the river morphology and flow rate changes will greatly influence the evolution of the evolution of river channel morphology and channel, the velocity distribution within the present obvious difference. 　　Keywords: natural river channel evolution; model test; velocity distribution 　　中图分类号：TV147文献标识码：A文章编号: 　　 　　作者简介：吕巧志(1975– )，男，辽宁鞍山人，从事港口航道施工，河北省沧州市沧州港务集团有限公司。 　　The research on evolution process of natural channel by model test 　　LV Qiao-zhi, DING Chang-sheng, LIU Yong-hui 　　(Cangzhou Port Group CO.,LTD,Cangzhou 061113, China， 　　Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering ,M.O.T, Tianjin 300456,China) 　　Abstract: In natural circumstances, river channel is always in constant change and development process. The evolution of river channel is closely related to the country’s economy, will directly impact agricultural and industrial production. The main research of this paper is the evolution of natural plane river. According to the differences of the morphology of plain river, the characteristics of the evolution and movement of